223 articles from MONDAY 3.2.2020
New score measuring multiple chronic illnesses performs better than current method
A new score that measures multiple long-term health conditions performs better than the current Charlson Comorbidity Index and may help in health care planning and delivery, according to new research in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).
New study links autism to specific cell, paves way for potential approach to treatment
People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) appear to suffer malfunctions in a cell that produces a special coating around nerve fibers that facilitates efficient electrical communication across the brain. And correcting it could offer a potential new avenue for treatment, according to a new study published today in the journal Nature Neuroscience from scientists at the Lieber Institute for Brain...
New way to study pituitary tumors holds potential for better diagnoses and treatments
Houston Methodist neurosurgeons are looking at a new way to classify pituitary tumors that could lead to more precise and accurate diagnosing for patients in the future. These tests also could have potential for better diagnoses in other brain tumors. The findings, published Jan. 28 in Scientific Reports, describe a new way to study the blood of pituitary adenoma patients to determine tumor type...
Occupational gender bias prevalent in online images, Rutgers study finds
Rutgers researchers say gender bias and stereotypes corresponding to certain occupations are prevalent on digital and social media platforms.
One single primitive turtle resisted mass extinction in the northern hemisphere
Sixty-six million years ago, in the emerged lands of Laurasia -now the northern hemisphere- a primitive land tortoise, measuring about 60 cm, managed to survive the event that killed the dinosaurs. It was the only one to do so in this area of the world, according to a Spanish palaeontologist who has analysed its peculiar fossils, found in France.
OU study finds the fingerprint of paddy rice in atmospheric methane concentration dynamics
A University of Oklahoma-led study shows that paddy rice (both area and plant growth) is significantly related to the spatial-temporal dynamics of atmospheric methane concentration in monsoon Asia, where 87% of paddy rice fields are situated in the world.
Past climate safe havens now most vulnerable
The profound threat of future climate change to biodiversity demands that scientists seek ever more effective ways to identify the most vulnerable species, communities, and ecosystems.In a new study, published in Nature Climate Change, an international team of scientists has shown that the most biodiverse regions on Earth are among the most vulnerable to future climate change.
Personalized 3D printed models in optimizing cardiac computed tomography imaging protocols
Prof. Zhonghua Sun at Curtin University, Australia, explains the novel applications of personalised 3D printed cardiovascular models for developing cardiac computed tomography (CT) imaging protocols with the goal of obtaining acceptable image quality with minimal radiation doses.
Pioneering SFU research customizes vaccines to reduce bacterial disease
The invention of vaccines for disease prevention is often cited as one of the miracles of modern medicine. New research from Simon Fraser University suggests that tailoring vaccines based on geography and other factors could substantially reduce overall rates of bacterial disease.
Political TV ads referencing guns increased eightfold over four election cycles
The number of political candidate television advertisements that refer to guns increased significantly across four election cycles in US media markets, according to a new study led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
Probing the genetic basis of Roundup resistance in morning glory, a noxious weed
The herbicide Roundup is the most widely used agricultural chemical in history. But over the past two decades, a growing number of weed species have evolved resistance to Roundup's active ingredient, glyphosate, reducing the product's dominance somewhat.
Questions and answers about cannabis use during pregnancy
A new study shows that women have many medical questions about the use of cannabis both before and during pregnancy, and during the postpartum period while breastfeeding.
Research sheds light on the evolutionary puzzle of coupling
A UTSA researcher has discovered that, whether in a pair or in groups, success in primate social systems may also provide insight into organization of human social life.
Researchers identify link between decreased depressive symptoms, yoga and the neurotransmitter GABA
The benefits of yoga have been widely documented by scientific research, but previously it was not clear as to how yoga exerts its physiologic effect. Now a new study from Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) proposes that yoga can increase levels of Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) in the short-term and completing one yoga class per week may maintain elevated GABA that could mitigate...
Researchers study the intricate link between climate and conflict
New research from the University of Notre Dame is shedding light on the unexpected effects climate change could have on regional instability and violent conflict.
Researchers turbocharge hydrogen fuel cells with novel ion-conducting copolymer
New research led by Miguel Modestino, professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at NYU Tandon, detailed in the report 'Highly Permeable Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Ionomers for Improved Electrochemical Devices: Insights into Structure -- Property Relationships,' published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, details a hybrid material that could boost power of hydrogen fuel...
Researchers validate transferable & accessible method to quantify flavanols & procyanidins
Building on over two decades of research, Mars and the University of California Davis have developed a new methodology to measure cocoa flavanols and procyanidins that is more accurate and more reliable than previous analytical approaches. The method, published in Food & Function, has been developed in partnership with Waters, the world's leading specialty measurement company and chromatography...
Scientists discover new non-sticky gels
Scientists from the University of Bristol and Université Paris-Saclay have discovered a new class of material - non-sticky gels.
Scientists examined bacterial cannibalism
Researchers from Sechenov University and their colleagues summarised the results of various studies devoted to the process that can be described as bacterial cannibalism. Why some microorganisms start to kill their relatives of the same species and whether we can use this phenomenon to combat infectious diseases is explained in the article published in Antibiotics.
Scientists listen to whales, walruses, & seals in a changing arctic seascape
A year-round acoustic study of marine mammals in the northern Bering Sea is providing scientists with a valuable snapshot of an Arctic world already under drastic pressure from climate change, according to WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society), Columbia University, Southall Environmental Associates, and the University of Washington.
Seeing the invisible -- A novel gas imaging system
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University developed a novel device to image and quantify volatile gases that are released through the skin in real-time. This gas imaging system could be used to provide non-invasive monitoring of diseases that are associated with specific volatile substances.
Shift in treatment modalities associated with improved outcomes in uveal melanoma patients with live
New retrospective study indicates that the shift of treatment from systemic chemotherapies to liver-directed therapies provides survival benefits.
Shift workers at risk for heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes
Working nights disrupts individuals' circadian rhythm, the body's internal clock responsible for neural and hormonal signaling. When the circadian rhythm is desynchronized from the sleep/wake cycle, it causes a cascade of hormonal changes that lead to metabolic disorders and the development multiple chronic conditions. Kulkarni recommends several measures to prevent serious health issues...
Showing how the tiniest particles in our universe saved us from complete annihilation
Gravitational waves could contain evidence to prove that neutrino particles reshuffled matter and anti-matter, explains a new study.
Sound of music: How melodic alarms could reduce morning grogginess
New research suggests melodic alarms could improve alertness, with harsh alarm tones linked to increased levels of morning grogginess.