Tighter border policies leave migrants vulnerable to effects of climate change
As the planet continues to warm, people living in the world's most vulnerable regions—like arid or low-lying nations—must contend with the decision to stay in a place where livability is decreasing or leave for countries with more stable climate and economic conditions.
Carnivores living near people feast on human food, threatening ecosystems
Ecologists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found that carnivores living near people can get more than half of their diets from human food sources, a major lifestyle disruption that could put North America's carnivore-dominated ecosystems at risk. The researchers studied the diets of seven predator species across the Great Lakes region of the U.S. They gathered bone and fur samples for...
Chemists create new crystal form of insecticide, boosting its ability to fight mosquitoes and malaria
p>Through a simple process of heating and cooling, New York University researchers have created a new crystal form of deltamethrin—a common insecticide used to control malaria—resulting in an insecticide that is up to 12 times more effective against mosquitoes than the existing form.
Scientists engineer bacteria-killing molecules from wasp venom
A team led by scientists in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania has engineered powerful new antimicrobial molecules from toxic proteins found in wasp venom. The team hopes to develop the molecules into new bacteria-killing drugs, an important advancement considering increasing numbers of antibiotic-resistant bacteria which can cause illness such as sepsis and...
Tetrahedra may explain water's uniqueness
Researchers at the Institute of Industrial Science at the University of Tokyo sifted through experimental data to probe the possibility that supercooled water has a liquid-to-liquid phase transition between disordered and tetrahedrally structured forms. They found evidence of a critical point based on the cooperative formation of tetrahedra, and show its minor role in water's anomalies. This work...
Climate change spurs doubling of disasters since 2000: UN
Climate change is largely to blame for a near doubling of natural disasters in the past 20 years, the United Nations said on Monday.
DC charters offer innovations in pandemic-era education
Returning to school in the nation's capital during the pandemic has proven to be an ongoing experiment in learning—and not just for students.
Russia shuns US lunar program, as space cooperation under threat
Russia is unlikely to participate in the Moon-orbiting station planned by the United States, a Russian official said Monday, marking the probable end of the type of close cooperation seen for two decades on the International Space Station (ISS).
As genome-editing trials become more common, informed consent is changing
As public interest and expanded research in human genome editing grows, many questions remain about ethical, legal and social implications of the technology. People who are seriously ill may overestimate the benefits of early clinical trials while underestimating the risks. This makes properly understanding informed consent, the full knowledge of risks and benefits of treatments, especially...
Learning lessons from bushfires for koala survival
A University of Adelaide-led research project will study the clinical data of koalas injured in last summer's devastating bushfires to give them the best possible chance of survival and recovery in future bushfires.
Kamchatka marine life death caused by algae: Russian scientist
The mass death of sea creatures in Russia's Kamchatka region was caused by toxins from microalgae rather than man-made pollution, a senior Russian scientist said on Monday, citing preliminary findings of an investigation.
Australian valley a 'natural laboratory' to test carbon sequestration theory
Geoscientists at the University of Sydney have discovered a natural laboratory to test claims that the carbon captured during the erosion and weathering of common rocks could be a viable mitigation strategy against global warming.
Fuels, not fire weather, control carbon emissions in boreal forest
As climate warming stokes longer fire seasons and more severe fires in the North American boreal forest, being able to calculate how much carbon each fire burns grows more urgent. New research led by Northern Arizona University and published this week in Nature Climate Change suggests that how much carbon burns depends more on available fuels than on fire weather such as drought conditions,...
Stacking and twisting graphene unlocks a rare form of magnetism
Since the discovery of graphene more than 15 years ago, researchers have been in a global race to unlock its unique properties. Not only is graphene—a one-atom-thick sheet of carbon arranged in a hexagonal lattice—the strongest, thinnest material known to man, it is also an excellent conductor of heat and electricity.
To protect nature's benefits, focus on people
To calculate the true value of a forest, we need to know how people benefit from it, according to new research published in Nature Sustainability. A healthy forest holds a treasure trove of benefits for people—it can filter water for downstream communities, supply timber for building, and provide a place for people to connect with nature. But a forest—or any other ecosystem—won't necessarily...
Panic at the pump: Researcher explores role of gas stations in horror films
The gas station is often viewed as a harmless, benign stop for commuters and travelers. Looking back at a few classic horror films, however, these mainstays of the American landscape take on much deeper meanings.
African countries need more air quality data—and sharing it unlocks its benefits
The harm that air pollution is doing on the African continent seems to be growing. Estimates of premature mortality attributed to air pollution have increased from about 570,000 in 1990 to over 700,000 in 2013. In the same period, premature deaths from unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and childhood malnutrition have decreased across Africa.
Women gain ground in Nobel man's world
The Nobel prizes remain very much a man's world, especially in science, but with four female laureates named this year, women are gradually getting more recognition.
The underground 'Parthenon' protecting Tokyo from floods
It has been called Japan's underground "Parthenon", a cavernous complex charged with protecting Tokyo and surrounding areas from catastrophic flooding—a risk experts warn is growing as climate change advances.
Plant diversity makes West Africa's shea trees bear more fruit
Shea trees are grown widely in semi-arid parts of Africa for their fruit and seeds. From Senegal in the west to Uganda in the east, they are found in agro-forestry systems called parklands—landscapes where trees are left to grow in cultivated and fallow fields.
Black police officers disciplined disproportionately for misconduct, research finds
An examination of racial differences in the disciplining of police officers in three of the largest U.S. cities consistently found that Black officers were more frequently disciplined for misconduct than White officers, despite an essentially equal number of allegations being leveled. This included allegations of severe misconduct.
Stretching makes the superconductor
When people imagine "new materials," they typically think of chemistry. But UConn physicist Ilya Sochnikov has another suggestion: mechanics.
A circular economy could save the world's economy post-COVID-19
The World's economy is feeling the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic with many industries under threat. A group of researchers from the UK, Malaysia, Nigeria, UAE and Japan, led by WMG, University of Warwick have concluded that adopting circular economy strategies would be the best way for the world's economy to recover, whilst enabling the transition to a low-carbon economy.
ESA's force-feedback rover controlled from a nation away
A controller in Germany operated ESA's gripper-equipped Interact rover around a simulated moonscape at the Agency's technical heart in the Netherlands, to practice retrieving geological samples. At the same time a smaller Germany-based rover interacted with ESA's rover as if together at the same site—in a dress rehearsal for a robotic test campaign to the Moon-like volcanic slopes of Mount Etna,...
Supercomputer simulations show that afforestation of grasslands can be counterproductive
Planting trees to combat climate change is a frequently and controversially discussed idea in recent times. Trees bind carbon dioxide (CO2) trough photosynthesis and could therefore remove this gas from the atmosphere for a certain period of time. However, when the trees die, for example, or if they are used as firewood, the greenhouse gas returns to the atmosphere. Furthermore, biogeophysical...