Genomic data 'catches corals in the act' of speciation and adaptation
A new study led by the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa's Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) revealed that diversity in Hawaiian corals is likely driven by co-evolution between the coral host, the algal symbiont, and the microbial community.
Bats can predict the future, researchers discover
They can't tell fortunes and they're useless with the stock market but bats are quite skilled at predicting one thing: where to find dinner.
Neanderthal children grew and were weaned similarly to modern humans
Neanderthals behaved similarly to modern humans in raising their children, whose pace of growth was similar to Homo sapiens.
Secrets behind 'Game of Thrones' unveiled by data science and network theory
What are the secrets behind one of the most successful fantasy series of all time? How has a story as complex as "Game of Thrones" enthralled the world and how does it compare to other narratives?
Flying through wildfire smoke plumes could improve smoke forecasts
Wildfires burning in the West affect not only the areas burned, but the wider regions covered by smoke. Recent years have seen hazy skies and hazardous air quality become regular features of the late summer weather.
Researchers advance efforts to accurately measure glyphosate pesticide in oats
Pesticides help farmers increase food production, reduce costly damage to crops, and even prevent the spread of insect-borne diseases, but since the chemicals can also end up in human food, it's essential to ensure that they are safe. For a commonly used pesticide known as glyphosate, concerns exist over how high a level is safe in food as well as the safety of one of its byproducts, known as...
How bacteria survive low oxygen environments
Researchers from ITQB NOVA, in collaboration with the Institut Pasteur in Paris, have shed light on the mechanisms that allow Clostridioides difficile, a pathogen that can only grow in oxygen-free environments, to be able to survive low oxygen levels. C. difficile is a major cause of intestinal problems associated with the use of antibiotics, causing an estimated number of 124k cases per year in...
Tunable THz radiation from 3-D topological insulator
Terahertz (THz) waves, located between the millimeter and far-infrared frequency ranges, are an electromagnetic frequency band that is as-yet incompletely recognized and understood. Xiaojun Wu of Beihang University leads a group of researchers actively seeking ways to understand, generate, and control THz radiation. Wu notes that THz waves have great potential for expanding real...
Insights on the enormous impact seasons have in agricultural economies
For farmers in rural Zambia, payday comes just once a year, at harvest time. This fact impacts nearly every aspect of their lives, but until now researchers hadn't realized the true extent.
Longer mud season, no snow could alter northeast rivers by year 2100
As temperatures begin to drop and fall transitions into winter, snow will soon blanket the northern regions of the United States. But researchers at the University of New Hampshire have found that snow cover is on the decline in this area due to climate change and the shift from winter to spring, known as the vernal window, is getting longer. By the end of the century, the scientists say the...
New remote sensing technique could bring key planetary mineral into focus
Planetary scientists from Brown University have developed a new remote sensing method for studying olivine, a mineral that could help scientists understand the early evolution of the Moon, Mars and other planetary bodies.
Iguanas may be growing more tolerant to the cold, and that's bad news for Florida
When temperatures drop, so do green iguanas—from the trees. But evolution, it seems, could be robbing South Floridians of a tradition as common as checking the heat index on New Year's Day.
Race to save whales in Sri Lanka's biggest mass stranding
Rescuers and volunteers were racing Monday to save about 100 pilot whales stranded on Sri Lanka's western coast in the island nation's biggest-ever mass beaching.
Major Hurricane Eta threatens to bring flooding, storm surge
New Hurricane Eta quickly gained force Monday, erupting into a major hurricane as it headed for Central America, threatening massive flooding and landslides across a vulnerable region.
Advocates for the Chesapeake Bay applaud passage of federal conservation law
President Donald Trump signed into law Friday a conservation bill with plenty of perks for Maryland's Chesapeake Bay.
Is that alligator weed? Citizen scientists help keep tabs on San Diego County's plants, animals
Jon Rebman saw the photo and did a double-take. Is that alligator weed?
Team achieves first plasma on upgraded MAST, ready to test Super-X divertor
The team at Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE) in South East England has notified the press that testing of plasma has begun on an upgrade to the Mega AMP Spherical Tokamak (MAST)—a new approach to creating a working fusion reactor. In their announcement, the team at CCFE noted that the plasma test has come after seven years of work upgrading the original MAST which has cost approximately...
The consequences of glacier shrinkage
Researchers from the South Asia Institute and the Heidelberg Center for the Environment of Ruperto Carola investigated the causes of a glacial lake outburst with subsequent flooding in the Ladakh region of India. In order to frame the case study in a larger picture, the research team led by geographer Prof. Dr. Marcus Nüsser used satellite images to create a comprehensive survey of glacial lakes...
A mobile flood tool for the nation unveiled
The U.S. Geological Survey announced Friday the completion of a new mobile tool that provides real-time information on water levels, weather and flood forecasts all in one place on a computer, smartphone or other mobile device.
To predict how crops cope with changing climate, 30 years of experiments simulate future
Five years ago, the United Nations committed to achieving the Sustainable Development Goal of Zero Hunger by 2030. Since then, however, world hunger has continued to rise. Nearly 9 percent of our global population is now undernourished, according to a 2020 report from the FAO, and climate variability is a leading factor driving us off course.
Analyzing biological and chemical damage on 20th-century construction materials
It is customary for the research conducted in the IBeA research group in the UPV/EHU's department of Analytical Chemistry to be approached from a multidisciplinary perspective. One of the group's lines of work is the diagnosis and restoration of historical and cultural heritage for which spectroscopic analytical techniques are used. Although the group's research has until now focussed on...
Mobile phones help Americans encounter more diverse news
In recent years, we've heard a lot about "news bubbles" and "echo chambers," the idea that to validate their own worldviews, liberals read liberal news and conservatives read conservative news. The proliferation of partisan online news sites, the thinking goes, only makes it worse. Numerous studies have supported these ideas. However, they all have one thing in common: They don't take into account...
Do octopuses' arms have a mind of their own?
Often described as aliens, octopuses are one of most unusual creatures on the planet, with three hearts, eight limbs and a keen intelligence. They can open jars, solve puzzles and even escape from their tanks, aided by their eight ultra-flexible and versatile arms. But determining how exactly octopuses control all eight limbs is a puzzle that scientists are still trying to crack.
A 40-year-old catalyst unveils its secrets
Titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) is not a new catalyst: It has been almost 40 years since its development and the discovery of its ability to convert propylene into propylene oxide, an important basic chemical in the chemical industry. Now, by combining various methods, a team of scientists from ETH Zurich, the University of Cologne, the Fritz Haber Institute and BASF has unveiled the surprising...
Rotation of a molecule as an 'internal clock'
Using a new method, physicists at the Heidelberg Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics have investigated the ultrafast fragmentation of hydrogen molecules in intense laser fields in detail. They used the rotation of the molecule triggered by a laser pulse as an 'internal clock' to measure the timing of the reaction that takes place in a second laser pulse in two steps. Such a 'rotational clock'...