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1,628 articles from PhysOrg


SATURDAY 30. OCTOBER 2021



FRIDAY 29. OCTOBER 2021


River beds that can shift naturally are more efficient carbon sinks than straightened rivers

It takes about 8500 years for a grain of sand from the Andes to be washed across the Argentine lowlands into the Río Paraná. The 1200-kilometer journey in the river called Río Bermejo is interrupted by many stops in river floodplains, where the grain is deposited, sometimes over thousands of years, and then washed free again. The sand is accompanied by organic carbon, washed in from soil and...

Detector advance could lead to cheaper, easier medical scans

Researchers in the U.S. and Japan have demonstrated the first experimental cross-sectional medical image that doesn't require tomography, a mathematical process used to reconstruct images in CT and PET scans . The work, published Oct. 14 in Nature Photonics, could lead to cheaper, easier and more accurate medical imaging.

Is it worth trying to sway the most staunch climate deniers?

Thanks to algorithms that learn about social media users' content preferences, Facebook timelines, Twitter feeds, suggested YouTube videos, and other news streams can look startlingly different from one person's online account to the next. Media and communication experts often wrestle with how to rein in the forces that further polarize people with different views, especially people who sit on...

Morro Bay seagrass loss causes change in fish populations

The loss of seagrass habitat caused a dramatic shift in fish species in Morro Bay. Areas once covered with lush seagrass meadows and unique fish species are now home to muddy-seafloor-loving flatfish, according to a paper by Cal Poly researchers published in the October 2021 print edition of Estuaries and Coasts.

WA shipwreck reveals secrets of 17th -century Dutch seafaring domination

Many Dutch ships passed the West Australian coast while enroute to Southeast Asia in the 1600s—and the national heritage listed shipwreck, Batavia, has revealed through its timbers the history of the shipbuilding materials that enabled Dutch East India Company (VOC) to flourish against major European rivals for the first time.

Building planets from protoplanetary discs

Planets and their stars form from the same reservoir of nebular material and their chemical compositions should therefore be correlated but the observed compositions of planets do not match completely those of their central stars. In our Solar system, for example, all the rocky planets and planetesimals contain near-solar proportions of refractory elements (elements like aluminum that condense...

Using AI to provide the world with drinking water

Providing fresh drinking water for our society is a challenge that has persisted through multiple efforts. Though water covers 71% of earth's surface, more than 2.5 billion people in the world lack access to fresh water at least once a month. For Amir Barati Farimani and his team, combatting this problem meant refining the desalination process, the removal of salt or ions that are not favorable to...

Inflation uncertainty highest in four decades

Consumer sentiment has remained virtually unchanged in the past three months, at levels comparable to the pandemic low point in April 2020, according to the University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers.

World Bank report recognises importance of measurement beyond GDP

The World Bank's flagship report, The Changing Wealth of Nations/ for the first time emphasizes the importance of social capital to sustainability. By including the role of trust, social norms and community cohesiveness in securing a sustainable future, it represents a major advance in the international effort to go beyond GDP for the measurement of progress.

Imaging the chemical fingerprints of molecules

Flip through any chemistry textbook and you'll see drawings of the chemical structure of molecules—where individual atoms are arranged in space and how they're chemically bonded to each other. For decades, chemists could only indirectly determine chemical structures based on the response generated when samples interacted with x-rays or particles of light. For the special case of molecules on a...

Why do humans possess a twisted birth canal?

The relatively narrow human birth canal presumably evolved as a "compromise" between its abilities for parturition, support of the inner organs, and upright walking. But not only the size of the birth canal, also its complex, "twisted" shape is an evolutionary puzzle. Katya Stansfield from the University of Vienna and her co-authors have published a study in BMC Biology presenting new insights...

California lawmakers call for changes after Orange County oil spill

Weeks after a massive oil spill marred the Orange County coast with significant environmental and economic damage, state lawmakers met in Sacramento on Thursday to demand that those responsible "be held accountable," with one legislator calling for an end to offshore drilling in California.

Dogs learn about word boundaries the same way human infants learn about them

Dogs extract words from continuous speech using similar computations and brain regions as humans do, a new study combining EEG and fMRI by researchers from the Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University (Hungary) finds. This is the first demonstration of the capacity to use complex statistics to learn about word boundaries in a non-human mammal. This work has been published in Current...