166 articles from WEDNESDAY 6.10.2021
Early human activities impacted Earth’s atmosphere more than previously known
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 17:26
An international team of scientists used data from Antarctic ice cores to trace a 700-year old increase in black carbon to an unlikely source: ancient Maori land-burning practices in New Zealand, conducted at a scale that impacted the atmosphere across much of the Southern Hemisphere and dwarfed other preindustrial emissions in the region during the past 2,000 years. Their results make it clear...
Toxic fatty acids to blame for brain cell death after injury
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 17:26
Cells that normally nourish healthy brain cells called neurons release toxic fatty acids after neurons are damaged, a new study in rodents shows. This phenomenon is likely the driving factor behind most, if not all, diseases that affect brain function, as well as the natural breakdown of brain cells seen in aging, researchers say.
Machine learning helps reveal cells’ inner structures in new detail
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 17:26
Scientists have created a set of tools to make annotated 3D images of cells, showing the relationships between different organelles.
Boosting the cell's power house
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 17:26
Severe fatigue, muscle weakness, even blindness -- mitochondrial diseases have various symptoms. In fact, the majority of genetic diseases are caused by defects of the mitochondria. Hence, understanding these 'power houses' of our cells is crucial for the developments of new treatments. Researchers now show the structure of a protein complex essential for their work.
Very potent antiviral against dengue
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 17:26
Researchers have developed an ultrapotent inhibitor of the dengue virus, which causes the tropical disease known as dengue. The antiviral molecule is exceptionally effective against all known dengue variants and could be used for therapeutic and prevention purposes.
Neuroscientists map major circuit in the mouse brain
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 17:26
A mouse study reveals new insights into the wiring of a major circuit in the brain that is attacked by Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. The findings could hone scientists' understanding of how these disorders arise in the human brain and pinpoint new therapeutic targets.
Neuroscientists roll out first comprehensive atlas of brain cells
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 17:25
While researchers have discovered numerous cell types in the brain, this atlas of all cell types in one area -- the primary motor cortex -- is the first comprehensive list and a starting point for tracing cellular networks to understand how they control our body and mind and how they are disrupted in mental and physical disorders.
Advancing efforts to treat, prevent and cure brain disorders
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 17:25
It takes billions of cells to make a human brain, and scientists have long struggled to map this complex network of neurons. Now, dozens of research teams around the country have made inroads into creating an atlas of the mouse brain as a first step toward a human brain atlas. The results describe how different cell types are organized and connected throughout the mouse brain.
Mapping the mouse brain, and by extension, the human brain too
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 17:25
Researchers further refine the organization of cells within key regions of the mouse brain and the organization of transcriptomic, epigenomic and regulatory factors that provide these brain cells with function and purpose.
Machine learning helps reveal cells' inner structures in new detail
Open any introductory biology textbook, and you'll see a familiar diagram: A blobby-looking cell filled with brightly colored structures—the inner machinery that makes the cell tick.
BRAIN Initiative unveils detailed atlas of the mammalian primary motor cortex
The NIH Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN) has unveiled an atlas of cell types and an anatomical neuronal wiring diagram for the mammalian primary motor cortex, derived from detailed studies of mice, monkeys, and humans. This publicly available resource represents the culmination of an international collaborative effort by...
Early human activities impacted Earth's atmosphere more than previously known
Several years ago, while analyzing ice core samples from Antarctica's James Ross Island, scientists Joe McConnell, Ph.D., and Nathan Chellman, Ph.D., from DRI, and Robert Mulvaney, Ph.D., from the British Antarctic Survey noticed something unusual: a substantial increase in levels of black carbon that began around the year 1300 and continued to the modern day.
The role of diet in the rise of modern shark communities
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 16:44
The availability of prey and the ability to adapt to changing environments played key roles in the evolution of sharks. A new study, in which over 3,000 shark teeth were analyzed, provides new insight into how modern shark communities were established.
Intelligence emerging from random polymer networks
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 16:44
A team of researchers assembled a sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN) organic electrochemical network device (OEND) for use in reservoir computing. SPAN was deposited on gold electrodes which formed a disordered network providing humidity-dependent electrical properties. The SPAN OEND was tested for reservoir computing using benchmark tasks and spoken-digit classification, which showed 70% accuracy. The...
Lasers to Probe Origin of Life on a Frigid Moon and Take the Space-Time Pulse of Star-Shattering Collisions Built in Goddard Lab
Portal origin URL: Lasers to Probe Origin of Life on a Frigid Moon and Take the Space-Time Pulse of Star-Shattering Collisions Built in Goddard LabPortal origin nid: 474459Published: Wednesday, October 6, 2021 - 10:30Featured (stick to top of list): noPortal text teaser: At the Space Laser Assembly Cleanroom at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, the Laser and...
Study examines what makes adult children cut ties with parents
A study of more than 1,000 mothers estranged from their adult children found that nearly 80% believed that an ex-husband or their son- or daughter-in-law had turned their children against them.
Record-breaking Texas drought more severe than previously thought
In 2011, Texas experienced one of its worst droughts ever. The dry, parched conditions caused over $7 billion in crop and livestock losses, sparked wildfires, pushed power grids to the limit, and reduced reservoirs to dangerously low levels.
'Living medicine' created to treat drug-resistant infections
Researchers at the Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) and Pulmobiotics S.L have created the first 'living medicine' to treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria growing on the surfaces of medical implants. The researchers created the treatment by removing a common bacteria's ability to cause disease and repurposing it to attack harmful microbes instead.
Algae blooms a problem but not a trend, study finds
As Earth's average temperature rises, climate change impacts grow around the globe. Hurricanes and wildfires are bigger and more destructive. Extreme rain events are more common. Droughts last longer.
Recreating the sights and sounds of 17th century London
A team of scholars at NC State University has recreated the sights and sounds of St. Paul's Cathedral and its environs in 1620s London, offering anyone who is interested a glimpse of daily life four centuries ago.
A telescopic model of the development of hair follicles
RIKEN biologists have untangled the process of hair follicle development by providing a dynamic four-dimensional atlas that explains the origins and development of diverse hair follicle cells, including adult hair follicle stem cells1.
Relationships between transgender patients, their physicians explored in 'Medicalization' history
The endeavor of individuals who want to medically change their gender has become a hot-button topic in contemporary society. But it's actually been part of the cultural dialog for more than a century.
My PhD supervisor just won the Nobel prize in physics – here's how his research on complex systems changed science
The Nobel Prize in Physics for 2021 has been jointly awarded to Italy's Giorgio Parisi, Japan's Syukuro Manabe and Germany's Klaus Hasselmann for their "groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex systems".
'Living medicine' created to treat drug-resistant infections
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/6 15:55
Researchers have created 'living medicine' to treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria growing on the surfaces of medical implants. The researchers created the treatment by removing a common bacteria's ability to cause disease and repurposing it to attack harmful microbes instead. The findings are an important first step for the development of new treatments for these type of infections, which account...