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44 articles from ScienceDaily
Microbiology research furthers understanding of ocean’s role in carbon cycling
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 23:06
Microbiology researchers have shed new light on the mechanisms of carbon cycling in the ocean, using a novel approach to track which microbes are consuming different types of organic carbon produced by common phytoplankton species.
Planned home birth presents little risk where midwifery is well-integrated
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 23:06
In the state of Washington, a planned home birth with a licensed midwife is just as safe as a birth at a licensed birth center. Researchers arrived at this conclusion after analyzing outcomes of more than 10,000 community births in Washington state between 2015 and 2020. Birth setting had no association with increased risk for either parent or baby, despite the American Association of...
Sweet corn yield gain over 80 years leaves room for improvement
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 22:35
New research shows sweet corn, when planted at high densities, has steadily increased in yield since the 1930s. The historical view underscores the importance of planting modern density-tolerant hybrids at their optimal densities, and suggests an opportunity to improve density tolerance even more.
Elastic polymer that is both stiff and tough, resolves long-standing quandary
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 22:35
A conundrum has long stumped polymer scientists: Elastic polymers can be stiff, or they can be tough, but they can't be both. This stiffness-toughness conflict is a challenge for scientists developing polymers that could be used in applications including tissue regeneration, bioadhesives, bioprinting, wearable electronics, and soft robots. Researchers have resolved that long-standing conflict and...
Environmentally friendly ways to cool homes
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 21:35
The summer of 2021 in Western Canada was one of the hottest on record. In the Canadian province of British Columbia alone, 59 weather stations registered their hottest temperatures ever on June 27. For those lucky enough to have air conditioners, keeping their homes cool during the heat dome was relatively easy. However, the comfort lasted only until the utility bills arrived. As a result of...
Lung maintains long-term memory of COVID infection
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:59
After infection with the COVID virus, where does the immune system store the memory? A new study finds memory cells take up residence in the lung to protect against reinfection.
Refuting a 70-year approach to predicting material microstructure
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:59
Researchers have developed a new microscopy technique that maps material microstructure in three dimensions; results demonstrate that the conventional method for predicting materials' properties under high temperature is ineffective.
‘Gut bugs’ can drive prostate cancer growth and treatment resistance
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:59
Common gut bacteria can become 'hormone factories' - fuelling prostate cancer and making it resistant to treatment, a new study shows. Scientists revealed how gut bacteria contribute to the progression of advanced prostate cancers and their resistance to hormone therapy -- by providing an alternative source of growth-promoting androgens, or male hormones. The findings, once further validated in...
Climate change literacy lessons from Africa
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:58
Addressing the climate crisis will require cooperation on a massive scale, but to accomplish this, people need to know what specific challenges lie ahead and how to best move forward. Across the globe, people are facing the effects of the climate crisis, yet many are still unsure how, and even if, they can address it.
The climate-driven mass extinction no one had seen
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:58
Two thirds of all mammals vanished from Africa and the Arabian Peninsula around 30 million years ago, when the climate on Earth changed from swampy to icy. But we are only finding out about this mass extinction now. Researchers examined hundreds of fossils from multiple sites in Africa, built evolutionary trees, and pinpointed each species' first and last known appearances. The climate shift 'was...
Non-English-language science could help save biodiversity
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:58
It is commonly assumed that any important scientific knowledge would be available in English, and so scientific knowledge used in international studies is predominantly sourced from English-language documents. But is this assumption correct? According to new research, the answer is no, and science written in languages other than English may hold untapped information crucial to the conservation of...
Climate change tipping points: back to the drawing board
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:58
We regularly hear warnings that climate change may lead to 'tipping points': irreversible situations where savanna can quickly change into desert, or the warm gulf stream current can simply stop flowing. But the earth is much more resilient than previously thought. Researchers now show that the concept of tipping points is too simple.
Ten millennia of hepatitis B virus evolution described
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:58
Researchers uncover the evolution of the hepatitis B virus since the Early Holocene by analyzing the largest dataset of ancient viral genomes produced to date.
Scientists assemble a biological clock in a test tube to study how it works
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:58
Daily cycles in virtually every aspect of our physiology are driven by biological clocks (also called circadian clocks) in our cells. The cyclical interactions of clock proteins keep the biological rhythms of life in tune with the daily cycle of night and day, and this happens not only in humans and other complex animals but even in simple, single-celled organisms such as cyanobacteria. A team of...
Promising results for Parkinson's disease treatment
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:58
Researchers have found a way to make deep brain stimulation (DBS) more precise, resulting in therapeutic effects that outlast what is currently available. The work will significantly advance the study of Parkinson's disease.
Chang'e-5 samples reveal key age of moon rocks
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:57
A lunar probe launched by the Chinese space agency recently brought back the first fresh samples of rock and debris from the moon in more than 40 years. Now an international team of scientists has determined the age of these moon rocks at close to 1.97 billion years old.
How mussels make a powerful underwater glue
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:57
Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) spend their days being buffeted by crashing waves. They manage to stay tethered to the rocks or their fellow mussels thanks to a highly effective underwater glue they produce. Because achieving adhesion in the presence of water is so challenging, scientists who are interested in producing effective adhesives for use in wet environments (e.g., for surgical or dental...
Rover images confirm Jezero crater is an ancient Martian lake
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 20:57
Images from the Perseverance rover confirm that Jezero crater is an ancient Martian lake, MIT researchers report. The team also detected signs of flash flooding strong enough to carry large boulders downstream into the ancient delta.
A 'cousin' of Viagra reduces obesity by stimulating cells to burn fat
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 18:22
Researchers have found that a drug first developed to treat Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and sickle cell disease reduces obesity and fatty liver in mice and improves their heart function -- without changes in food intake or daily activity.
Pollution from freight traffic disproportionately impacts communities of color across 52 US cities
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 18:22
In urban areas across the U.S., low-income neighborhoods and communities of color experience an average of 28% more nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollution than higher-income and majority-white neighborhoods. The disparity is driven primarily by proximity to trucking routes on major roadways, where diesel trucks are emitters of NO2 and other air pollutants.
ALMA animation of circling twin young stars
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 18:22
Researchers analyzed the accumulated data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and depicted the motion of a young twin star system XZ Tauri over three years. This 'ALMA Animation' of twin stars sheds new light on the origins of the binary stars and the planets to be formed around them.
Something fishy going on? Recent discovery hints at northward shift in fish distribution
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 18:22
Researchers have discovered an individual Eleotris oxycephala in Akita Prefecture, Japan, which is the northernmost record of this species. The juvenile was discovered in the Yoneshiro River system and likely reached the river from the south via larval dispersal in the Tsushima Current. This possible range expansion of Eleotris oxycephala may be linked to increasing water temperatures.
Unprecedented rise of heat and rainfall extremes in observational data
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 18:22
Observation data analysis reveals a 90-fold increase in the frequency of monthly heat extremes, so-called 3-sigma-events that deviate strongly from what is normal in a given region, in the past ten years compared to 1951-1980. Record daily rainfall events also increased in a non-linear way -- on average, 1 in 4 rainfall records in the last decade can be attributed to climate change. Seemingly...
Small molecules with a dual function
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 18:22
Researchers have deciphered a molecular mechanism with which a small RNA and a small protein regulate the metabolism of cholera bacteria and the production of the cholera toxin.
Nature-based activities can improve mood and reduce anxiety
- ScienceDaily
- 21/10/7 18:22
Outdoor nature-based activities are effective for improving mental health in adults, including those with pre-existing mental health problems, a new study has found.