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67 articles from PhysOrg

In poplars, two plant hormones boost each other in defense against pathogenic fungi

In contrast to previous assumptions, the defense hormones salicylic acid and jasmonic acid do not always suppress each other in regulating plant chemical defenses against pests and pathogens. In trees, the interplay of both hormones can actually increase plant resistance. This is the conclusion researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology draw in a new study on poplars, published...

NASA's Mars Helicopter scouts ridgeline for Perseverance science team

NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter recently surveyed an intriguing ridgeline near the ancient river delta in Jezero Crater. The images—captured on April 23, during the tiny helicopter's 27th flight—were taken at the request of the Perseverance Mars rover science team, which wanted a closer look at the sloping outcrop.

Study develops framework for forecasting contribution of snowpack to flood risk during winter storms

In the Sierra Nevada, midwinter "rain-on-snow" events occur when rain falls onto existing snowpack, and have resulted in some of the region's biggest and most damaging floods. Rain-on-snow events are projected to increase in size and frequency in the coming years, but little guidance exists for water resource managers on how to mitigate flood risk during times of rapidly changing snowpack. Their...

Experiments measure freezing point of extraterrestrial oceans to aid search for life

Researchers from the University of Washington and the University of California, Berkeley have conducted experiments that measured the physical limits for the existence of liquid water in icy extraterrestrial worlds. This blend of geoscience and engineering was done to aid in the search for extraterrestrial life and the upcoming robotic exploration of oceans on moons of other planets.

New research demonstrates cognitive training improves student learning

New research from Center for BrainHealth at The University of Texas at Dallas demonstrates that professional development with a focus on neuroscience equips teachers with the tools and confidence to reduce learning gaps in eighth grade students, as measured by State of Texas Assessment of Academic Readiness (STAAR) performance.

New dung beetle species on Australian soil

The Dung Beetle Ecosystem Engineer (DBEE) project reached a major milestone last month—the arrival of a new dung beetle species, Gymnopleurus sturmi, on Australian shores. It is the third and final dung beetle species imported to Australia as part of the DBEE project.

Seashell-inspired sugar shield protects materials in hostile environments

Word of an extraordinarily inexpensive material, lightweight enough to protect satellites against debris in the cold of outer space, cohesive enough to strengthen the walls of pressurized vessels experiencing average conditions on Earth and yet heat-resistant enough at 1,500 degrees Celsius or 2,732 degrees Fahrenheit to shield instruments against flying debris, raises the question: what single...

'Tax haven' companies may be less risky than investors think

Companies incorporated in tax havens are often considered more opaque regarding their finances, which could make them risky investments. But a recent study from North Carolina State University finds that many of these companies are actually more transparent than their counterparts in countries that are not tax havens.

Science has spoken: Tell the truth on Facebook or risk your reputation

Online social networks (OSN) like Facebook and Twitter have created a space for people to easily express their opinions, which can encourage open dialogue and stimulate plenty of disagreements. Research now reveals that just like in face-to-face relationships, intellectually humble behavior, like admitting when you are wrong, leads to better impression formation online.

Blood clot expert working with NASA to study blood flow, clot formation in zero gravity

Are astronauts more likely to develop blood clots during space missions due to zero gravity? That's the question NASA is trying to answer with help from UNC School of Medicine's Stephan Moll, MD, professor in the UNC Department of Medicine. A new publication in Vascular Medicine shows the results of an occupational surveillance program spurred by the development of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in...

Beetle iridescence a deceptive form of warning coloration, study finds

A new study published today in Animal Behaviour shows for the first time that brilliant iridescence and gloss found in some animals can have a protective function by working as a form of deceptive warning coloration, and that it is the key feature of iridescence, its changing colors, that is important for this effect.

Punishments for violating supervised release may violate constitutional rights

People who violate their supervised release—a period of community supervision after release from prison—by committing new crimes are punished not only for their crimes, but also for violating their supervision. In a new paper to be published in the Virginia Law Review, Jacob Schuman, assistant professor of law, Penn State, conducted the first comprehensive examination of how revocation of...

Which parts of Mars are the safest from cosmic radiation?

In the coming decade, NASA and China plan to send the first crewed missions to Mars. This will consist of both agencies sending spacecraft in 2033, 2035, 2037, and every 26 months after that to coincide with Mars opposition (i.e., when Earth and Mars are closest in their orbits). The long-term aim of these programs is to establish a base on Mars that will serve as a hub that accommodates future...