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955 articles from ScienceDaily
Research reveals structure of a human endogenous reverse transcriptase
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 22:47
The crystal structure of a human endogenous reverse transcriptase has similarities to HIV reverse transcriptase, a well-known tractable drug target, which will help design drugs to treat cancer and other diseases, according to a study co-authored by a Rutgers researcher.
Bacteria for blastoff: Using microbes to make supercharged new rocket fuel
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 22:00
Biofuel scientists used an oddball molecule made by bacteria to develop a new class of sustainable biofuels powerful enough to launch rockets. The candidate molecules have greater projected energy density than any petroleum product, including the leading aviation and rocket fuels, JetA and RP-1.
Researchers discover new leukemia-killing compounds
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 22:00
Researchers have discovered potential new drugs that target mitochondria in cancer cells. Their study in the journal Leukemia describes the compounds' potential for killing leukemia cells when administered by themselves or in combination with other chemotherapies.
Gemini North spies ultra-faint fossil galaxy discovered on outskirts of Andromeda
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 22:00
An unusual ultra-faint dwarf galaxy has been discovered on the outer fringes of the Andromeda Galaxy thanks to the sharp eyes of an amateur astronomer. Follow-up by professional astronomers revealed that the dwarf galaxy -- Pegasus V -- contains very few heavier elements and is likely to be a fossil of the first galaxies.
Borrowed gene helps maize adapt to high elevations, cold temperatures
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 22:00
An important gene in maize called HPC1 modulates certain chemical processes that contribute to flowering time, and has its origins in 'teosinte mexicana,' a precursor to modern-day corn that grows wild in the highlands of Mexico. The findings provide insight into plant evolution and trait selection, and could have implications for corn and other crops' adaptation to low temperatures.
California's Dixie Fire shows impact of legacy effects, prescribed burns
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 22:00
The 2021 Dixie Fire burned over nearly 1 million acres in California and cost $637 million to suppress, making it the largest and most expensive wildfire to contain in state history. Fire history largely determined how severely the wildfire burned, and low-severity fire treatments had the largest impact on reducing the worst effects of the fire, according to a research team.
The hawk has landed: Braking mid-air to prioritize safety over energy or speed
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 20:22
New research using computer simulations and Hollywood-style motion capture shows how birds optimize their landing maneuvers for an accurate descent.
Signaling molecule potently stimulates hair growth
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 20:22
Researchers have discovered that a signaling molecule called SCUBE3 potently stimulates hair growth and may offer a therapeutic treatment for androgenetic alopecia, a common form of hair loss in both women and men.
Developmentally arrested IVF embryos can be coaxed to divide
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 20:22
Why do two-thirds of in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos go into developmental arrest? A new study shows that many embryos stored for IVF undergo characteristic genetic and metabolic changes that inhibit development. These results help explain the loss of developmental ability of many harvested embryos, and may point to strategies for increasing the proportion of developmentally competent...
Scientists engineer synthetic DNA to study 'architect' genes
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 20:21
Researchers have created artificial Hox genes -- which plan and direct where cells go to develop tissues or organs -- using new synthetic DNA technology and genomic engineering in stem cells. Their findings confirm how clusters of Hox genes help cells to learn and remember where they are in the body.
Dissolving implantable device relieves pain without drugs
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 20:21
Researchers have developed a small, soft, flexible implant that relieves pain on demand and without the use of drugs. The first-of-its-kind device could provide a much-needed alternative to opioids and other highly addictive medications. It works by softly wrapping around nerves to deliver precise, targeted cooling, which numbs nerves and blocks pain signals to the brain. After the device is no...
Sleep triggered by stress can help mice cope with later anxiety
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 20:21
Stress boosts a kind of sleep in mice that subsequently relieves anxiety, according to new research that also pinpoints the mechanism responsible.
Floating in space might be fun, but study shows it's hard on earthly bodies
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 19:48
Bone loss happens in humans -- as we age, get injured, or any scenario where we can't move the body, we lose bone. Understanding what happens to astronauts and how they recover is incredibly rare. It lets us look at the processes happening in the body in such a short time frame. We would have to follow someone for decades on Earth to see the same amount of bone loss.
Cosmological thinking meets neuroscience in new theory about brain connections
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 19:48
A collaboration between a former cosmologist and a computational neuroscientist generates a new way to identify essential connections between brain cells.
Optical fiber imaging method advances studies of Alzheimer's disease
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 19:48
An optical fiber as thin as a strand of hair holds promise for use in minimally invasive deep-tissue studies of patients' brains that show the effects Alzheimer's disease and other brain disorders. The challenge is efficiently increasing image resolution at the subcellular level, because loss of information is inevitable from light scrambling.
New flood maps clarify the risk homeowners face
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 19:48
Flooding in urban areas cost Americans more than $106 billion between 1960 and 2016, damaging property, disrupting businesses and claiming lives in the process. Now, new research outlines a simplified, cost-effective method for developing flood maps that reflects the uncertainty in flood predictions.
Building explainability into the components of machine-learning models
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 19:48
Researchers have created a taxonomy and outlined steps that developers can take to design features in machine-learning models that are easier for decision-makers to understand.
Study reveals an unprecedented change in Europe's fire regime
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 17:45
A study reveals an unprecedented change in the fire regime in Europe which is related to climate change. The affected areas are in Southern, Central and Northern Europe but this historical change in Europe's fire regime is more intense in the Mediterranean area.
How bacteria adhere to cells: Basis for the development of a new class of antibiotics
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 17:45
Researchers have unraveled how bacteria adhere to host cells and thus taken the first step towards developing a new class of antibiotics.
Breaking AIs to make them better
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 17:45
Current AIs are very accurate but inflexible at image recognition. Exactly why this is remains a mystery. Researchers have developed a method called 'Raw Zero-Shot' to assess how neural networks handle elements unknown to them. The results have the potential to help researchers identify the common features that make neural networks 'non-robust,' and develop methods to make AIs more reliable.
A closer look into the emergence of antibiotic resistance in bioaerosols and its monitoring
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 17:45
While there are many studies that discuss antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) in soil and water environments, there is currently very little research that focuses on ARG in aerial environments. In a recent review, researchers have analyzed current research trends regarding ARG in bioaerosols, including their sources, methods of detection, and implications for the future.
Hidden in caves: Mineral overgrowths reveal 'unprecedented' sea level rise
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 17:45
Through intricate study of cave deposits in Spain, geologists identified a rapid rise in sea level that started during the Industrial Revolution.
Researchers propose widespread banking of stool samples for fecal transplants later in life
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 17:45
Changes in the way that humans live and eat have resulted in tremendous alterations in the gut microbiome, especially over the past few decades. These changes have been linked to increased rates of asthma, allergies, diseases of the digestive system, type 2 diabetes, and other conditions. Scientists propose that we can combat these trends by having individuals bank samples of their own gut...
As these bacteria eat, they generate an unusual triangular molecule that can be used to make jet fuel
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 17:45
Aircrafts transport people, ship goods, and perform military operations, but the petroleum-based fuels that power them are in short supply. Researchers have found a way to generate an alternative jet fuel by harvesting an unusual carbon molecule produced by the metabolic process of bacteria commonly found in soil.
Some viruses make you smell tastier to mosquitoes
- ScienceDaily
- 22/6/30 17:45
Zika and dengue fever viruses alter the scent of mice and humans they infect, a team of researchers report. The altered scent attracts mosquitoes, which bite the host, drink their infected blood and then carry the virus to its next victim.