116 articles from TUESDAY 13.9.2022
Polio is back rich countries, but it poses a far bigger threat to developing world
Here’s how this year’s closely related polio outbreaks in New York state, London, and greater Jerusalem might have started. A child in Afghanistan or Pakistan received two drops of Albert Sabin’s oral polio vaccine (OPV), which contains a weakened, live virus, in December 2021 or so. Soon after, when the child was still shedding some virus in their stool, their family traveled to...
Reviewers award higher marks when a paper’s author is famous
Yes, having a big name in science will help get your paper published, an unusually robust new study confirms. Just 10% of reviewers of a test paper recommended acceptance when the sole listed author was obscure—but 59% endorsed the same manuscript when it carried the name of a Nobel laureate.
The study, which involved recruiting hundreds of researchers to review an economics...
Store-bought milkweed plants can expose monarch caterpillars to harmful pesticides
Milkweed plants purchased at retail nurseries across the United States were contaminated with pesticides harmful to monarch caterpillars that rely on milkweed, a study led by researchers at the University of Nevada, Reno found. Every plant sampled was contaminated, even those that were labeled friendly to wildlife.
Breakthrough reported in machine learning-enhanced quantum chemistry
In a new study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers from Los Alamos National Laboratory have proposed incorporating more of the mathematics of quantum mechanics into the structure of the machine learning predictions. Using the specific positions of atoms within a molecule, the machine learning model predicts an effective Hamiltonian matrix, which describes the...
Nanorattles shake up new possibilities for disease detection
Researchers at Duke University have developed a unique type of nanoparticle called a "nanorattle" that greatly enhances light emitted from within its outer shell.
Early warning system for environmental changes: New animal tags with cameras and AI complete maiden flight
How can a vulture in a Berlin Zoo help its conspecifics and their habitats in Namibia? Perhaps it can serve as a model and patron for a new generation of animal tags.
Journal will not retract influential paper by botanist accused of plagiarism and fraud
The journal
BMC Medicine
has decided not to retract a controversial 2013 paper by botanist Steven Newmaster of the University of Guelph (UG) that questioned the purity of herbal remedies and had far-reaching effects on the nutritional supplement industry. An earlier UG investigation had cleared Newmaster of misconduct.
“Following [the] investigation … the...
A customer-focused cloud transformation journey at Duke Energy Corporation
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Richard Donaldson, VP of digital transformation at Duke Energy Corporation, discusses cloud and customer-focused cloud transformation. The discussion covers infrastructure modernization and private cloud.
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Fireside discussion on increased adoption of SASE and zero trust with Palo Alto Networks
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Vishal Salvi, chief information security officer and head of cyber security practice at Infosys, and Kumar Ramachandran, senior vice president, SASE GTM, at Palo Alto Networks, talk about the new cybersecurity practices in the post-pandemic environment.
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Strengthening the fabric of digital trust
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A study of how cybersecurity has evolved across key domains in the industry and what it means for organizations that want to strengthen their security posture.
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Biologists glean insight into repetitive protein sequences
About 70% of all human proteins include at least one sequence consisting of a single amino acid repeated many times, with a few other amino acids sprinkled in. These "low-complexity regions" are also found in most other organisms.
Study quantifies impact of human activity on Atlantic Rainforest's carbon storage capacity
The countless benefits of native forests include the capacity of tree biomass to store large amounts of carbon, which can counterbalance greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. A paper published in the journal Science Advances reports on an innovative analysis of a large dataset designed to clarify the concept of carbon sequestration, a strategic issue in the discussion of global climate...
Millions of farmers put their faith in God when making decisions
A widespread belief among millions of smallholder farmers in one of the world's poorest countries is that God determines their yields. This is shown by a study from the University of Copenhagen that has examined the correlation between religiosity and economic decisions. The finding can contribute to an understanding of the mechanisms behind unproductive agriculture in developing countries—one...
'Glass bubble' nanocarrier boosts effects of combination therapy for pancreatic cancer
Over the past 30 years, progress in early detection and treatment of cancer has helped reduce the overall death rate by more than 30%. Pancreatic cancer, however, has remained difficult to treat. Only 1 in 9 people survive five years after diagnosis, in part because this cancer is protected by biological factors that help it resist treatment.
Responsible adoption of AI: A cloud-centric approach
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An Infosys study with University College London and Holistic AI. It provides an overview of the move toward responsible AI, with a particular focus on the adoption of cloud technology.
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Bats' midnight snacks reveal clues for managing endangered species
How do we bring threatened and endangered animals back from the brink? The task is never easy or simple, but one thing is undeniably true: If we don't understand these animals and what they need to survive, we have little chance of success.
Adopting public cloud for automotive manufacturing operations
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Currently, the adoption of cloud in manufacturing operations management (MOM) applications is at an early stage. This point of view (POV) article explores CIOs’ apprehensions in migrating MOM applications to the cloud and suggests a three-step strategy to mitigate these risks.
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The next transition for CIOs and CDOs: Preparing for climate risk reporting requirements
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The Securities and Exchange Commission may soon require registrants to disclose climate-related information in audited financial statements. CIO’s and CDO’s must start readying the IT infrastructure and data foundation that will enable data collection, calculation, and reporting for climate-related...
Interviewers show racial bias when reporting survey respondents' political knowledge
Whether Black people's political knowledge is accurately reported in survey research depends on the race and skin tone of the interviewer conducting the assessment, according to a new study co-authored by a Georgia State University researcher.
Teachers Federal Credit Union delivers customer service at speed with cloud and data
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Suresh Renganathan, chief technology officer at Teachers Federal Credit Union, discusses cloud migration and digital transformation. The discussion covers what businesses need to do to become successful data-driven organizations.
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Recruiting male allies boosts women at work
When women and men raise their voices together in the workplace, managers are more likely to support gender equity issues, such as equal pay for equal work. That's the finding of a new paper from a researcher at The University of Texas at Austin.
Intriguing material property found in complex nanostructures could dissipate energy
Researchers from The University of Texas at Austin and North Carolina State University have discovered, for the first time, a unique property in complex nanostructures that has thus far only been found in simple nanostructures. Additionally, they have unraveled the internal mechanics of the materials that makes this property possible.
AXA and Bupa leaders share their experience with cloud-led digital transformation
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Watch this panel interview featuring two senior industry leaders: Diana Kennedy, group chief technology and architecture officer at Bupa, and Alpa Patel, global CIO at AXA XL. Dr. Hema Prem, vice president and group manager, insurance at Infosys, interviews them to learn about their cloud journeys....
High-performance 937-nm laser lets scientists see deeper with lower power
Two-photon microscopy (2PM) plays a reliably efficient role in noninvasive deep-tissue imaging in biomedical investigation. Since the invention of the two-photon microscope at the end of the 20th century, there has been a steady flow of related research advancing 2PM—from fluorophores to imaging methods and applications—in the fields of biochemistry and medicine.
Building better quantum sensors
Usually, a defect in a diamond is a bad thing. But for engineers, miniscule blips in a diamond's otherwise stiff crystal structure are paving the way for ultrasensitive quantum sensors that push the limits of today's technologies. Now, researchers at the University of Chicago's Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (PME) have developed a method to optimize these quantum sensors, which can...