166 articles from THURSDAY 15.9.2022
Recent findings from Iceland's Fagradalsfjall eruptions change what we know about how volcanoes work
It isn't every day that we learn something that fundamentally changes how we understand our world. But for UC Santa Barbara Earth scientist Matthew Jackson and the thousands of volcanologists across the globe, such a revelation has occurred.
“Fingerprints” of climate change are clear in Pakistan’s devastating floods
Climate change very likely intensified the South Asian monsoon that flooded Pakistan in recent weeks, killing more than 1,000 people and destroying nearly 2 million homes.
That’s according to a new analysis by World Weather Attribution, a network of scientists who use climate models, weather observations, and other tools to determine whether global warming increased the likelihood or severity...
Adult ADHD linked to elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 22:53
Adults with ADHD are at greater risk of developing a range of cardiovascular diseases than those without the condition, according to a large observational study.
Pollutants from burning structures linger in waterways post-wildfire
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 22:53
As the frequency of wildfires has increased, so have pollutants in the waters from burned watersheds, say researchers in a review paper that highlights the need for more research in the area.
Researchers discover expanding and intensifying low-oxygen zone in the Arabian gulf
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 22:53
Researchers have studied the emergence of hypoxia -- low oxygen levels -- in the Gulf over three decades, a stressor on the health of marine life in the region and the larger ecosystem.
Moral values explain differences in COVID-19 vaccination rates across US counties
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 22:53
New research shows that moral values predict regional differences in COVID-19 vaccination rates beyond structural, demographic and political barriers to vaccination.
Earth's newest secret: How volcanoes really work
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 22:53
It isn't every day that we learn something that fundamentally changes how we understand our world. But for volcanologists across the globe, such a revelation has occurred.
Researchers discover expanding and intensifying low-oxygen zone in the Arabian gulf
A team of researchers from the Arabian Center for Climate and Environmental Sciences (ACCESS) at NYU Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) studied the evolution of dissolved oxygen in the Arabian Gulf over three decades and discovered a significant decline in oxygen concentrations and the expansion of the seasonal near-bottom hypoxic zone (lower oxygen levels near the bottom of the Gulf in certain seasons). The...
Cracking the secrets to earthquake safety, one shake simulation at a time
To make sure our buildings and infrastructure are earthquake-safe, we must understand how seismic activity affects different structures. Miniature models and historical observations are helpful, but they only scratch the surface of understanding and quantifying a geological event as powerful and far-reaching as a major earthquake.
Honeybees are less likely to sting in larger groups
To sting or not to sting? An alarm pheromone plays a decisive role in bees' willingness to sting—and their group size, as scientists from the University of Konstanz have now shown
Pollutants from burning structures linger in waterways post-wildfire
As the frequency of wildfires has increased, so have pollutants in the waters from burned watersheds, say researchers in a review paper that highlights the need for more research in the area.
Researchers use purified liquid xenon to search for mysterious dark matter particles
Sitting a mile below ground in an abandoned gold mine in South Dakota is a gigantic cylinder holding 10 tons of purified liquid xenon closely watched by more than 250 scientists around the world. That tank of xenon is the heart of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment, an effort to detect dark matter—the mysterious invisible substance that makes up 85% of the matter in the universe.
Study shows potential of Southern cattail for phytoremediation of areas contaminated by mine tailings
Typha domingensis, the Southern cattail, a reedy marsh plant that inhabits fresh to slightly brackish waters and is about 2.5 m tall, can scavenge up to 34 times more manganese from contaminated soil than other plants found in similar environments. In a recent study, it accumulated between 10 and 13 times more manganese than other naturally occurring wetland plants such as hibiscus, sedges and...
Her work helped her boss win the Nobel Prize. Now the spotlight is on her
Scientists have long studied the work of Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, the Indian-born American astrophysicist who won the Nobel Prize in 1983, but few know that his research on stellar and planetary dynamics owes a deep debt of gratitude to an almost forgotten woman: Donna DeEtte Elbert.
High school students with disabilities achieve better outcomes in inclusive academic settings
Indiana high school students with disabilities who spent 80% of their educational time in general education classrooms scored higher on state reading and math assessments and were better prepared for post-secondary education and employment opportunities than their peers in less inclusive settings, according to a new study by Indiana University researchers.
Fireball seen over UK confirmed as meteor after day of confusion
Experts revise initial assumption that sighting was space junk linked to Elon Musk’s satellite programmeA fireball seen over many parts of the northern UK has been confirmed as a meteor after a day of confusion about its identity.The fireball was visible above northern England, Northern Ireland and Scotland as it blazed across the clear night sky just after 10pm on Wednesday night. Continue...
Researchers attempt to print thin-film transistors with metal oxides onto heat-sensitive materials
Within the Functional Oxides Printed on Polymers and Paper (FOXIP) project, researchers form Empa, EPFL and the Paul Scherrer Institute attempted to print thin-film transistors with metal oxides onto heat-sensitive materials such as paper or PET. The goal was ultimately not achieved, but those involved consider the project a success—because of a new printing ink and a transistor with "memory...
Double-transmon coupler will realize faster, more accurate superconducting quantum computers
Researchers at Toshiba Corporation have achieved a breakthrough in quantum computer architecture: the basic design for a double-transmon coupler that will improve the speed and accuracy of quantum computation in tunable couplers. The coupler is a key device in determining the performance of superconducting quantum computers.
Study finds stock values increase when firms appoint Black CEOs
Hiring a Black CEO can lead to a significant financial benefit for companies, according to a new study from Stevens Institute of Technology and University of Georgia (UGA), published in Strategic Management Journal.
Decoupling from China on clean tech comes with far more risks than reward, study finds
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 21:48
The current U.S. trajectory to decouple from China on clean energy technologies can harm national and global efforts to mitigate climate change, reveals a new study.
High school students with disabilities achieve better outcomes in inclusive academic settings
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 21:47
Indiana high school students with disabilities who spent 80 percent of their educational time in general education classrooms scored higher on state reading and math assessments and were better prepared for postsecondary education and employment opportunities than their peers in less inclusive settings, according to a new study.
Landscape and climate factors can predict prevalence of Lyme disease bacteria
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 21:47
By developing predictive models that incorporate climate and landscape variables, researchers have accurately forecasted the prevalence and distribution of Lyme disease bacteria. Such a tool could be a powerful public health asset, the researchers say.
Warmer Earth could see smaller butterflies that struggle to fly, affecting food systems
New UBC research has shown warmer temperatures can lead to smaller butterflies that collect less pollen and visit fewer flowers.
Astronomy Photographer of the Year: 'Once in a lifetime' picture of comet wins award
Winning images of the mysterious and beautiful parts of our Universe are on display in London.
Study: Communities of color at greatest risk of pesticide exposure in Ventura County, California
In California's Ventura County, increased agricultural pesticide use and related toxicity risks for humans occur the most in areas with more people of color and limited resources, according to a new study by Environmental Working Group scientists.
Beyond AlphaFold: A.I. excels at creating new proteins
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 20:25
Over the past two years, machine learning has revolutionized protein structure prediction. Now there's a similar revolution in protein design. Biologists show that machine learning can be used to create protein molecules much more accurately and quickly than previously possible. By creating new, useful proteins not found in nature, they hope this advance will lead to many new vaccines,...
Heart of our evolution discovered: 380-million-year-old heart
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 20:25
Researchers have discovered a 380-million-year-old heart -- the oldest ever found -- alongside a separate fossilized stomach, intestine and liver in an ancient jawed fish, shedding new light on the evolution of our own bodies.
Repeated infections associated with increased risk of some neurodegenerative diseases
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 20:24
Infections treated with specialty hospital care in early- and mid-life are associated with an increased subsequent risk of Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD), but not amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), according to a new study.
Saturn's rings and tilt could be the product of an ancient, missing moon
- ScienceDaily
- 22/9/15 20:24
Scientists propose a lost moon of Saturn, which they call Chrysalis, pulled on the planet until it ripped apart, forming rings and contributing to Saturn's tilt.
RiverProAnalysis, an open-source set of Matlab scripts for river longitudinal profile analysis
The erosional landscape evolves as the joint product of both tectonic activity and climate. The morphology of the long profiles of active rivers has been proven to be an archive to preserve and record the relationship of topographic relief, temporary and/or differential rock uplift rate, and climatically and/or lithologically related erosional efficiency. A simple but universal equation of the...
PDGFR kinase inhibitor found to protect against septic death via regulation of BTLA
In a study was led by Dr. Jianxin Jiang (Institute of Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University), a team screened a highly selective kinase inhibitor library and found that CP-673451 can upregulate BTLA expression on immunocytes and reduce sepsis-related mortality.
Greener and more 'walkable' urban areas encourage physical activity
Urban areas with more "walkable" and greener environments favor the practice of physical activity among citizens. This is the result of a study conducted by researchers from the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA-UAB) of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona that provides public decision-makers with valuable indications on how to design healthy urban environments in the...
Researchers pave the way for large-scale, efficient organic solar cells with water treatment
Organic solar cells (OSCs), which use organic polymers to convert sunlight into electricity, have received considerable attention for their desirable properties as next-generation energy sources. These properties include its lightweight nature, flexibility, scalability, and a high power conversion efficiency (>19%). Currently, several strategies exist for enhancing the performance and stability of...
Review of SERS-based sensors for agricultural applications
A research team led by Prof. Huang Qing at the Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS) of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) analyzed SERS-based agricultural sensor research and applications in a review paper.
Identifying research priorities for security and safety threats in the Arctic and the North-Atlantic
A new method has been developed for identifying and prioritizing research activities related to maritime safety and security issues for the Arctic and the North-Atlantic (ANA) region.
Grimy windows could be harbouring toxic pollutants
Dirty windows can harbor potentially harmful pollutants under protective films of fatty acids from cooking emissions—and these can hang around over long periods of time.
Scientists fabricate acid/alkali dual PH-responsive smart pesticide delivery system
Light, electric field, alternating magnetic field, and pH have been used as triggers to boost the release of pesticides, among which the pH-responsive type attracts broad interest due to simple operation and low cost.
NASA's Perseverance rover investigates geologically rich Mars terrain
NASA's Perseverance rover is well into its second science campaign, collecting rock-core samples from features within an area long considered by scientists to be a top prospect for finding signs of ancient microbial life on Mars. The rover has collected four samples from an ancient river delta in the Red Planet's Jezero Crater since July 7, bringing the total count of scientifically compelling...
Millions of farmers 'replumb' the world's largest delta
Collective groundwater pumping by millions of farmers in Bangladesh in the dry season each year has created vast natural reservoirs underground that, over a 30-year-period, rival the world's largest dams—these sustain irrigation that has transformed this previously famine-prone country to a food-secure nation, according to a new study led by UCL researchers.
Scientists resolve the structure of the human bitter taste receptor TAS2R46
A team of scientists led by the iHuman Institute of ShanghaiTech University has determined and analyzed the cryo-electron microscopy structures of human bitter taste receptor TAS2R46 complexed with G protein, in both strychnine-bound and apo forms, providing the first three-dimensional image of a human taste receptor. This study was published as the research article in the latest issue of Science.