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46 articles from ScienceDaily

Dynamics in one-dimensional spin chains newly elucidated

Neutron scattering is considered the method of choice for investigating magnetic structures and excitations in quantum materials. Now, for the first time, the evaluation of measurement data from the 2000s with new methods has provided much deeper insights into a model system -- the 1D Heisenberg spin chains. A new toolbox is available for elucidating future quantum materials has been achieved.

Mapping disease risk at human-wildlife 'hotspots'

New research has discovered that monkeys with the most human interactions, typically around sources of food, may act as 'superspreaders' of human respiratory diseases. The study found that locations with access to human-provisioned food see monkeys from different groups coming together and mixing closely, leading to larger outbreaks of zooanthroponotic diseases.

La Niña winters could keep on coming

Forecasters are predicting a 'three-peat La Niña' this year. A recent study of ocean temperature patterns suggests that climate change could, in the short term, be favoring La Niñas. A La Niña winter tends to be cooler and wetter in the Pacific Northwest and hotter and drier in the U.S. Southwest. Other worldwide effects include drier conditions in East Africa, and rainier weather in Australia,...

Researchers fabricate tiny multi-component beam shaper directly onto optical fiber

Researchers have shown that 3D laser printing can be used to fabricate a high-quality, complex polymer optical device directly on the end of an optical fiber. As described, this type of micro-optical device -- which has details smaller than the diameter of a human hair -- could provide an extremely compact and inexpensive way to tailor light beams for a variety of applications.

Large U.S. study confirms that mRNA boosters extend COVID-19 protection but wane over time, strongly supporting need for additional booster

A nationwide U.S. study of more than 893,000 adults provides solid evidence confirming that mRNA booster immunizations extend protection against moderate and severe COVID for four to five months. These findings provide a more complete understanding of the effectiveness and durability of third and fourth doses of the mRNA vaccines, informing policymakers and providing individuals with confirmation...

Study shows how math, science identity in students affects college, career outcomes

Two researchers have published a study that asked students if they see themselves as a math or science person, then followed up with them several times in following years. Results showed those who said yes in ninth grade were much likelier to major in STEM subjects and work in related fields after college. The results show the importance of helping students have positive math and science...