95 articles from FRIDAY 21.10.2022
Why late-night eating leads to weight gain, diabetes
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 22:35
Scientists have uncovered the mechanism behind why eating late at night is linked to weight gain and diabetes. The connection between eating time, sleep and obesity is well-known but poorly understood, with research showing that over-nutrition can disrupt circadian rhythms and change fat tissue.
Tentacle robot can gently grasp fragile objects
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 22:35
Taking inspiration from nature, researchers designed a new type of soft, robotic gripper that uses a collection of thin tentacles to entangle and ensnare objects, similar to how jellyfish collect stunned prey. Alone, individual tentacles, or filaments, are weak. But together, the collection of filaments can grasp and securely hold heavy and oddly shaped objects. The gripper relies on simple...
Hubble views a turbulent stellar nursery
The lives of newborn stars are tempestuous, as this image of the Herbig-Haro objects HH 1 and HH 2 from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope depicts. Both objects are in the constellation Orion and lie around 1,250 light-years from Earth. HH 1 is the luminous cloud above the bright star in the upper right of this image, and HH 2 is the cloud in the bottom left. While both Herbig-Haro objects are...
Online program to support children with reading difficulties helped them make significant progress, study shows
An innovative programme to support children with reading difficulties helped them make significant progress when used online, new analysis shows.
Scientist sues U.S. National Academy of Sciences after being ousted
- ScienceNOW
- 22/10/21 21:00
Luis Jaime Castillo Butters, a prominent Peruvian archaeologist who was among the first members of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences to be removed after a 2019 bylaws update allowed expulsion for documented misconduct violations, filed a $5 million defamation lawsuit against the academy and NAS President Marcia McNutt this month. The suit alleges that “NAS and McNutt made false...
Butterfly wing patterns emerge from ancient 'junk' DNA
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 20:58
Butterfly wing patterns have a basic plan to them, which is manipulated by non-coding regulatory DNA to create the diversity of wings seen in different species, according to new research.
What happens if your circadian rhythms are out of whack?
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 20:58
If jet lag, nighttime snacking, lack of sleep, or irregular work schedules factor into your life, a recent study adds to the evidence of cancer risk.
Avoiding extinction: Some Asian animals found thriving near humans
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 20:58
Some of Asia's largest animals, including tigers and elephants, are defying 12,000 years of extinction trends by thriving alongside humans, a new study has revealed.
The science of how plants register trauma catches a new wave
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 20:58
Longstanding theories of how plants rely on calcium waves to respond systemically to wounding and other stresses have been given fresh perspective.
Online program to support children with reading difficulties helped them make significant progress
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 20:58
An innovative program to support children with reading difficulties helped them make significant progress when used online, new analysis shows.
New dates suggest Oceania's megafauna lived until 25,000 years ago, implying coexistence with people for 40,000 years
For most of Australia's human past sea levels were lower than they are today. Australia's mainland was connected to Papua New Guinea and Tasmania as part of a larger landmass called "Sahul".
Reducing noise pollution with acoustic walls and rubberised roads
Sound-diffracting walls and rubberised asphalt ingredients tackle the major environmental concern of noise pollution from traffic.
Fully mature hair follicles grown in cultures
A team of researchers from Japan studying the processes of hair follicle growth and hair pigmentation has successfully generated hair follicles in cultures. Their in vitro hair follicle model adds to the understanding of hair follicle development which could contribute to development of useful applications in treating hair loss disorders, animal testing, and drug screenings.
Avoiding extinction: Some Asian animals found thriving near humans
Some of Asia's largest animals, including tigers and elephants, are defying 12,000 years of extinction trends by thriving alongside humans, a University of Queensland-led study has revealed.
Chang'E-5 samples reveal how young volcanism occurred on the moon
A new study led by Prof. Chen Yi from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IGGCAS) provides an answer to the question of how young volcanism occurred on the moon.
The science of how plants register trauma includes a precursor to the calcium wave
Longstanding theories of how plants rely on calcium waves to respond systemically to wounding and other stresses have been given fresh perspective.
Disadvantaged children missing out on meals in childcare
Researchers at The University of Queensland have found children in disadvantaged communities often go hungry when they attend early education and childcare centers.
War in Ukraine widens global divide in public attitudes toward US, China and Russia: Report
Around the world, public attitudes toward international politics are coalescing into two opposing blocks: liberal democracies favoring the United States (US) and citizens of more authoritarian nations who back China and Russia—a process accelerated by the war in Ukraine.
Earlier mammograms for women with family history of breast cancer may not be needed
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
A new study may prompt medical experts to rethink when to start mammograms for women who have a mother, sister or daughter diagnosed with breast cancer.
Maternal, paternal exercise in mice affects metabolic health in offspring
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
A mouse study provides new ways to determine how maternal and paternal exercise improve metabolic health of offspring. This study used mice to evaluate how their lifestyles -- eating fatty foods vs. healthy and exercising vs. not -- affected the metabolites of their offspring.
Derbyshire fossil study reveals insights into Peak District's 12 million year-old climatic past
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
A decade-long study into unique rocks near a Derbyshire village has been uncovering the secrets of what the county and the Peak District might have looked like under a much warmer and wetter past.
Early HIV diagnosis and treatment important for better long-term health outcomes
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
Starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) early in the course of HIV infection when the immune system is stronger results in better long-term health outcomes compared with delaying ART, according to new findings.
Discovery of new ecosystem -- 'The Trapping Zone' -- creating oasis of life in the Maldives
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
Researchers have found evidence of a previously undescribed ecosystem -- 'The Trapping Zone' -- that is creating an oasis of life 500 metres down in the depths of the Indian Ocean. The discovery has been hailed as highly significant by the Maldives Government.
Advance brings quantum computing one step closer to implementation
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
Researchers identified possible solutions to some of the limitations of qubits for quantum computing. They looked at two different hybrid quantum systems: an electron-superconducting circuit and an electron-ion coupled system. Both systems were able to control the temperature and the movement of the electron.
Large numbers of European chimpanzees suffer from a lack of vitamin D, says new study
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
A new study has found that a large number of chimpanzees living in Europe suffer from inadequate vitamin D levels, and the widespread problem could have a major impact on their health.
New flexible, steerable device placed in live brains by minimally invasive robot
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
Scientists have successfully placed a bioinspired steerable catheter into the brain of an animal.
Double trouble when 2 disasters strike electrical transmission infrastructure
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
One natural disaster can knock out electric service to millions. A new study suggests that back-to-back disasters could cause catastrophic damage, but the research also identifies new ways to monitor and maintain power grids.
A broader definition of learning could help stimulate interdisciplinary research
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
By embracing a broader definition of learning that includes any behavioral adaption developed in response to regular features of an environment, researchers could better collaborate across the fields of psychology, computer science, sociology, and genetics, according to a new Perspectives on Psychological Science article.
TBX20 enhances reprogramming of heart fibroblasts into heart muscle cells
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
One promising strategy to remuscularize the injured heart is the direct cardiac reprogramming of heart fibroblast cells into cardiomyocytes. Researchers have identified TBX20 as the key missing transcription factor in existing cocktails for direct cardiac reprogramming of human fibroblasts. Adding TBX20 to the reprogramming cocktail MGT 133, they report, promoted cardiac reprogramming and...
Evidence that marine conservation mitigates climate change
- ScienceDaily
- 22/10/21 19:27
Marine protected areas act as a safeguard for oceans, seas, and estuaries. These zones help to preserve the plants and animals that call these waters home, but the benefits of protected areas extend far beyond their boundaries. Researchers explain how marine protected areas help to sequester carbon and foster ecological and social adaption to climate change.
France concerned by US climate bill but doesn't want 'war'
France's foreign minister voiced alarm Friday over a massive US climate spending package, saying it risked unfair competition, but said Europe did not want a green trade war.
Tiny Tennessee fish protected, but US has yet to say where
It was a crisp fall day when biologist Bernie Kuhajda drove to a nondescript trickle of water running through a Middle Tennessee cow pasture to try to keep a small, brightly colored fish from becoming extinct.
A broader definition of learning could help stimulate interdisciplinary research
We often conceive of learning through the lens of cramming for an exam or teaching a dog to sit, but humans and other mammals aren't the only entities capable of adapting to their environment—schools of fish, robots, and even our genes can learn new behaviors, explain Jan De Houwer and Sean Hughes (Ghent University) in a new Perspectives on Psychological Science article.
Interest rates may not rise as much as expected, says Bank of England economist
The Deputy Governor of Monetary Policy at the Bank of England, has questioned whether UK interest rates need to rise as much as markets predict.
How to 3D print the fossils of the great museums of the world
Doug Boyer was a hit at his daughter's kindergarten show and tell.
Research links local news, civic health of communities
A new report from the University of Oregon's School of Journalism and Communication's Agora Journalism Center found that Oregonians are unequally served by local news media and that some communities have few places to turn for local news. The report also describes how journalists and civic leaders are deeply worried about the state's ability to confront its challenges at a time when the number of...
Derbyshire fossil study reveals insights into Peak District's 12 million year-old climatic past
A decade-long study into unique rocks near a Derbyshire village has been uncovering the secrets of what the county and the Peak District might have looked like under a much warmer and wetter past.
The drums of war are beating louder: Media coverage of brown bears in Romania
With more than 7,000 individuals populating the Carpathian Mountains and neighboring areas, Romania has the highest density of brown bears in Europe. As they often inhabit human-dominated landscapes, conflicts with people are not uncommon.
Discovery of new ecosystem—'The Trapping Zone'—creating oasis of life in the Maldives
The Nekton Maldives Mission, involving researchers from the University of Oxford, has found evidence of a previously undescribed ecosystem—"The Trapping Zone"—that is creating an oasis of life 500 meters down in the depths of the Indian Ocean. The discovery has been hailed as highly significant by the Maldives Government.
Modern archaeology reveals the secrets of an Iron Age power center
New excavations in Uppåkra are at the forefront of cutting edge archaeological techniques. By combining big data, data modeling and DNA sequencing, researchers are currently solving significant parts of a historical puzzle. Perhaps we will learn whether the Justinianic Plague, the forerunner of the Black Death, reached Uppåkra. Until now, this has been uncertain.
Prions induce toxic huntingtin oligomers
Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's or Huntington's disease are characterized by the deposition of protein clumps, so-called protein aggregates, in the brains of patients. Even though disease-relevant proteins—such as the huntingtin protein in Huntington's disease—are present in all cells of the human brain, aggregates of huntingtin form in a specific region of the brain...
Anomalous magnetic moment of the muon—a new conundrum comes to light
The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is a crucial parameter in particle physics as it allows for precision tests of the established Standard Model. A new measurement of this quantity last year caused something of a furor as it reaffirmed a significant deviation from the theoretical prediction—in other words, the anomalous magnetic moment is greater than anticipated.
New covalent organic framework material accelerates solar fuel generation
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) are a new class of organic semiconductors, and have recently demonstrated great potential for solar fuel production. They are generally formed from the ordered π-π stacking of molecular layers, and usually possess periodic columnar π-arrays that can facilitate the interlayer charge transfer.
Embedding iron oxide into liposome bilayer to trigger ferroptosis
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death process driven by excessive lipid peroxides and membrane injury, can enhance cancer vulnerability to chemotherapy. Lipid peroxidation of unsaturated lipids (UL) in biological membranes is a key to inducing ferroptosis.