3,611 articles from NOVEMBER 2022
Method for solving notorious calculus problems speeds particle physics computations
- ScienceNOW
- 22/11/30 23:50
For decades, theoretical particle physicists have struggled with vexing calculus problems called Feynman integrals. They are central to every calculation they make—from predicting
how magnetic a particle called the muon should be
, to estimating the rate at which
Higgs bosons should emerge at the Large Hadron Collider
(LHC). Now, theorists have found a way...
New visual scale offers simple measure to help identify job burnout
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 23:41
Existing methods of identifying job burnout are lengthy and sometimes proprietary, but new research offers a faster and easier way.
Finding the answers hidden in our antibodies
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 23:41
An innovative protocol called PepSeq is changing the way researchers test for contagious diseases -- and this knowledge should change the way humanity responds to future pandemics. Researchers just published a comprehensive study about PepSeq that lays out the process, the tool and how to interpret the results, with the goal of more, better and faster information for the next outbreak.
Simulated driving program reduces crash risk for teens with ADHD in small study
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 23:41
A program that combines computer-based and driving simulator training may reduce the proportion of crashes and near crashes among teens with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to a small study. Teens who took the training, which aims to reduce the number of long glances away from the roadway, had a nearly 40% lower risk for crash or near crash, compared to a similar group...
New carbon nanotube-based foam promises superior protection against concussions
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 23:41
A lightweight, ultra-shock-absorbing foam made from carbon nanotubes is so good at absorbing and dissipating the energy of an impact, it could vastly improve helmets and prevent concussions and other traumatic brain injuries.
Male orb-weaving spiders fight less in female-dominated colonies, finds study of spider cooperation
Birds do it. Bees do it. Even spiders in their webs do it: cooperate for more peaceful colonies.
Finding genes to help fruit adapt to droughts
As climate change is expected to lead to more frequent periods of drought, researchers are increasingly working to make discoveries that can help plants adapt to prolonged water stress.
Fear of professional backlash may keep women from speaking up at academic conferences
Academic conferences provide invaluable opportunities for researchers to present their work and receive feedback from attendees during question-and-answer sessions. Women are less likely to ask questions during these sessions, however, and research in Psychological Science suggests that this may be due to anxiety about how colleagues will receive their comments.
Stanford investigates potential misconduct in president’s research
- ScienceNOW
- 22/11/30 23:05
Stanford University has launched an investigation of possible research misconduct in several papers co-authored many years ago by its president, neuroscientist Marc Tessier-Lavigne, after the school’s student newspaper
raised questions
about potentially manipulated images in the articles, published long before he came to the school.
The university “will assess...
New visual scale offers simple measure to help identify job burnout
"Job burnout" is a term that's far too familiar to many people. A 2020 Gallup poll showed that 76 percent of employed Americans surveyed have experienced burnout.
Focus on ancient campus mounds provides insight into Middle Archaic lifestyles
The Louisiana State University (LSU) Campus Mounds sit on high ground overlooking the Mississippi River floodplain and have been a gathering place and destination for people for thousands of years. They are some of the oldest mounds in Louisiana and North America.
Big data analysis powers the fight against Alzheimer's
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 22:16
New research findings help explain the progression of Alzheimer-related dementia in each patient. The findings outline a biological classification system that predicts disease severity.
Researchers demonstrate light-induced locomotion in a nonliquid environment and report a new type of liquid-like motion
Motion is everywhere in living systems and is necessary for mechanical functions in artificial systems, such as robots and machines. Functional mechanical structures that can change volume and shape in response to external stimuli (such as light, heat, electricity, humidity, and chemistry) have a wide range of application prospects in the field of biomechanics and bionic robots. They have...
Researchers build powerful model for discovering new drugs
Researchers have developed a new computer framework that holds promise in the work to discover new drugs. Their framework uses an artificial intelligence method called a convolutional neural network to provide global information about potential novel drug candidates.
Steep fall in implementation of physical activity policy in Ontario schools
Children have become less physically active in school, despite teachers recognizing the importance of daily movement. Now, a new study published in BMC Public Health reveals the implementation of Ontario's Daily Physical Activity (DPA) policy is in sharp decline. The reasons, according to the study, include time constraints and low confidence among teachers about their ability to implement the...
Amateur scientists have helped astronomers identify nearly a quarter-million galaxies so far
Astronomers on a historically ambitious and massive galaxy-mapping mission have activated more than 10,000 amateur scientists in 85 countries to help in their quest. Now they hope to significantly scale up their volunteer force for a unique project that could reveal for the first time the nature of dark energy.
Concussion and head trauma in contact sports to be examined by parliamentary inquiry, Greens say
Lidia Thorpe says Labor and Coalition back hearings while ‘sports organisations need to be transparent about evidence that informs concussion policies’Follow our Australia news live blog for the latest updatesGet our morning and afternoon news emails, free app or daily news podcastA federal parliamentary committee will examine concussion and repeated head trauma in contact sports, with the...
Individuals' cognitive transformations key to understanding desistance from crime, argues expert
Much of U.S. criminal justice policy focuses on recidivism, and probation and parole violators make up a considerable share of jail and prison populations. In a new article, a 2022 winner of the Stockholm Prize in Criminology argues that to understand desistance—the process of reducing or ending criminal behavior—we must consider the role of individuals' cognitive transformations.
Coating could protect multiple surfaces, including monuments, from various levels of erosion
Researchers in the Center for Photochemical Sciences at Bowling Green State University have developed a coating system that shows promise in preserving historical monuments—and possibly much more.
Physicists produce symmetry-protected Majorana edge modes on quantum computer
Physicists at Google Quantum AI have used their quantum computer to study a type of effective particle that is more resilient to environmental disturbances that can degrade quantum calculations. These effective particles, known as Majorana edge modes, form as a result of a collective excitation of multiple individual particles, like ocean waves form from the collective motions of water molecules....
Accelerating plastic degradation in the environment: Study researches heat resistance of enzymes
Numerous plastics are principally biodegradable, but are only degraded very slowly in the open air, wastewater, or composting plants. Known enzymes with the ability to degrade plastics could solve this problem.
Machine-learning model instantly predicts polymer properties
Hundreds of millions of tons of polymer materials are produced globally for use in a vast and ever-growing application space with new material demands such as green chemistry polymers, consumer packaging, adhesives, automotive components, fabrics and solar cells.
Male orb-weaving spiders fight less in female-dominated colonies
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
Orb-weaving spiders cooperate for more peaceful colonies, a surprising revelation given that most spiders live solitarily. In the colonies that researchers observed, male spiders fought less with one another when there were more female spiders in a colony. But colonies with large numbers of larger and medium-sized female spiders tended to have more aggressive environments.
Blood tests could predict survival odds for patients with metastatic cancer
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
Measuring the amount of DNA that's been shed by a tumor compared to the body's typical amount of DNA may be a new tool to predict survival and guide treatment discussions for patients whose cancer has spread from the breast, prostate, lung or colon, a new study finds.
Single-cell 'atlas' reveals origin of an aggressive brain tumor
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
Data from a new fetal brain atlas has helped a science team discover a collection of progenitor cells that give rise to aggressive 'group 3' medulloblastomas. Findings include identifying two genes that may serve as treatment targets. Mice with these tumors lived longer when bred to express reduced activity of these genes.
Prenatal wellness classes cut moms' depression in half up to eight years later
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
A low-cost, prenatal intervention benefits mothers' mental health up to eight years later, a new study finds.
Scientists elucidate how DREADD technology highjacks neuronal activity
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
Scientists have solved the high-resolution, complex structures of drug-like compounds bound to designer brain cell receptors, paving the way for the creation of next-generation chemogenetic tools.
Study finds that experiences of daily stress decrease as people age
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
Stories about how daily stress can negatively impact people's lives, from physical health to mental and emotional well-being, are frequently in the media. But there is good news about the experience of daily stress as people age.
New data set improves modeling of supersonic flows around a cantilever
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
Extreme pressures come with high-speed flight. The resulting aerodynamic forces can bring significant risk to deforming the components of the vehicle in motion -- even to the point of aeroelastic deformation -- when solids behave more like liquids. This can jeopardize stability or controllability of the entire vehicle.
Researchers discover genetic variant associated with earlier onset childhood epilepsy
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
Researchers have discovered a specific genetic variant in SCN1A, the most common genetic epilepsy, that leads to an earlier onset of epilepsy, with clinical features distinct from other epilepsies. The researchers also identified a potentially effective treatment strategy.
Potential genetic variants linked to increased cancer risk in children with birth defects
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
Researchers have identified several genetic variants associated with increased risk of cancer in children with non-chromosomal birth defects, such as congenital heart disease and defects of the central nervous system. While the risk of developing cancer is not as high as children with chromosomal birth defects, it is significantly higher than children with no birth defects at all, and the findings...
Scientists discover a new mechanism to generate cartilage cells
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
Cartilage degeneration and injuries affect 350 million people worldwide. Patients with these conditions experience increased pain and discomfort over time. However, an exciting breakthrough in tissue regeneration research offers the promise of meaningful relief.
Five precepts of Buddhism may be linked to lower depression risk
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
A new study suggests that people with high levels of neuroticism and stress may be at greater risk for depressive symptoms, but those links could be buffered for people who observe the five precepts of Buddhism -- a fundamental system of ethics for the religion's followers.
Microfibers in the Mediterranean Sea are floating homes for bacteria
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:15
Almost 200 species of bacteria colonize microfibers in the Mediterranean Sea, including one that causes food poisoning in humans, according to a new study.
Findings from 2,000-year-old Uluburun shipwreck reveal complex trade network
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:14
Using advanced geochemical analyses, a team of scientists has uncovered new answers to decades-old questions about trade of tin throughout Eurasia during the Late Bronze Age.
Finding genes to help fruiting plants adapt to droughts
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:14
Researchers have conducted the first spatiotemporal study of the effects of prolonged water stress on tomato fruits, identifying genes that could help plant breeders develop fruit crops that can adapt to drought conditions.
Discovery involving sodium could lead to safer painkillers such as fentanyl
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/30 21:14
A collaboration of scientists found a novel way to render benign the worst side effects of fentanyl.
Scientists are using facial recognition software to track and protect seals
Scientists are taking a controversial technology associated with surveillance, and adapting it...
Researchers review impact of halides on electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction
Halides hold promise for improving the performance of catalysts used in carbon dioxide conversion. A team of scientists has examined the recent progress and challenges related to halides, and provided their outlook on future directions for the research.
Exploring nanodiamonds that can be activated as photocatalysts with sunlight
Nanodiamond materials have great potential as catalysts. Inexpensive nanoparticles made of carbon provide very large surfaces compared to their volume. However, to catalytically accelerate chemical reactions in an aqueous medium, electrons from the catalyst need to go into solvation and in pure diamond materials this requires high-energy UV light for excitation. On the other hand, the extremely...
A flare and a spare: Hawaii volcano visitors see 2 eruptions
The first eruption in 38 years of Mauna Loa, the world's largest active volcano, is drawing visitors to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, which is open 24 hours a day.