198 articles from WEDNESDAY 9.11.2022
Experimental data validates new theory for molecular diffusion in polymer matrices
After several years of developing the theoretical ideas, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign researchers have validated multiple novel predictions about the fundamental mechanism of transport of atoms and molecules (penetrants) in chemically complex molecular and polymer liquid matrices.
Enzyme treatment given directly to fetus prevents symptoms of rare genetic disease
In a medical first, researchers have delivered an enzyme into the womb to treat a fetus’ rare genetic disorder, helping head off heart and muscle defects. The girl, who cannot make the enzyme on her own, is now a seemingly healthy 16-month-old who has escaped the fate of two of her siblings. Both died from the same disease early in life.
This success paves the way for treating...
Geoscientists analyze fans' earthshaking reaction to win over Alabama
Fans inside and outside Tiger Stadium erupted with excitement as they watched their team beat Alabama in overtime. At the same time, a seismometer on LSU's campus captured the excitement, recording two distinctive seismic wave events. The first came at 10:03 p.m. after LSU football quarterback Jayden Daniels scored a touchdown from a 25-yard run. The second event came just minutes later at 10:06...
Iranian regime 'doubling down' on media manipulation in response to recent protests, analysis shows
The Iranian regime is "doubling down" on the manipulation of media in response to recent protests to create armed conflict between different ethnic groups, an expert has warned.
Growing pure nanotubes is a stretch, but possible
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 22:17
Researchers have published a new theory for making batches of carbon nanotubes with a single, desired chirality. Their method could simplify purification of nanotubes that are all metallic or all semiconductors.
Biomarkers that predict preeclampsia risk
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 22:17
In a study of pregnant women in the United States, investigators found that a specific imbalance of two placental proteins could predict which women were at risk of developing a severe form of preeclampsia, a life-threatening blood pressure disorder.
Mysterious outbreak of bone-eating tuberculosis resembled an ancestral form
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 22:16
The force driving a strange outbreak of tuberculosis that exited the lungs and began chewing away at bones 15 years ago in North Carolina has been solved at the molecular level by a collaborative team of scientists. The mysterious bug reverted to an ancestral form that made its macrophage hosts much more mobile and active.
Using SNAP benefits can help your memory, study finds
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 22:16
Eligible older adults who participate in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) in the United States may have slower memory decline than eligible people who do not participate, according to a new study. Researchers found that those who used SNAP had about two fewer years of cognitive aging over a 10-year period compared with those who didn't use SNAP.
Pandemic led to 7.5 percent decrease in 2020 U.S. energy consumption
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 22:16
Total energy consumption decreased 7.5 percent nationwide in 2020 compared with 2019 as the COVID-19 pandemic led to lockdowns, business closures and employees working from home, according to a new study. The research is the first to quantify the effects of pandemic disruptions on energy consumption trends across all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
How squid and octopus get their big brains
Cephalopods—which include octopus, squid, and their cuttlefish cousins—are capable of some truly charismatic behaviors. They can quickly process information to transform shape, color, and even texture, blending in with their surroundings. They can also communicate, show signs of spatial learning, and use tools to solve problems. They're so smart, they can even get bored.
Study: Germans more satisfied with democracy as a form of government
Public satisfaction with democracy in Germany has risen over the past two years, while in some cases extreme right-wing attitudes have declined significantly. At the same time, hatred of migrants, women, Muslims and other groups in Germany has increased and become widespread. In addition, stronger desires for authority can be observed in the wake of the pandemic. These are key findings of the...
Expert Comment: Is the future of transport electric? We have to do everything, and fast
Focusing solely on electric vehicles and technology that is not proven at scale is actually slowing down the path to zero emissions—it diverts resources and political will away from other solutions. In reality, if we are to meet the decarbonization targets of the Paris Agreement by 2050, we also need to focus on the movement of people and goods—and look at introducing traffic reduction...
Nazi propaganda from 1927–1945 reveals the role of dehumanization of Jews in the Holocaust
A linguistic analysis of Nazi propaganda suggests that dehumanization of Jews shifted over time, with propaganda after the onset of the Holocaust portraying Jews as having a greater capacity for agency, relative to earlier propaganda focused on disengaging moral concern. Alexander Landry of the Stanford Graduate School of Business, California, and colleagues present these findings in the...
Ambition to succeed despite adversity motivates people from diverse backgrounds to pursue legal careers, study shows
A desire to succeed despite adversity motivates people to pursue a legal career, but barriers caused by finances and careers advice are obstacles, a new study suggests.
'Young, male and aimless': Why are men in India delaying marriage?
Marriage is highly revered in India, so it's notable that men are marrying later, said sociologist and demographer Alaka Malwade Basu, and not because they're choosing to live it up as bachelors before settling down.
Truly chiral phonons observed in three-dimensional materials for the first time
Chirality is the breaking of reflection and inversion symmetries. Simply put, it is when an object's mirror images cannot be superimposed over each other. A common example are your two hands—while mirror images of each other, they can never overlap. Chirality appears at all levels in nature and is ubiquitous.
US political partisanship affects first impressions of faces
In an experimental study, participants' first impressions of photos of strangers' faces were strongly influenced by disclosure of the stranger's political partisanship. Brittany Cassidy of the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, U.S., and colleagues present these findings in the open-access journal PLOS ONE on November 9, 2022.
Road collisions more likely for takeaway delivery riders working in the gig economy
Motorcyclists delivering hot food who pick up jobs through digital platforms are more likely to be in a collision where their bike is damaged or someone is injured than those directly employed by restaurants, finds research by UCL.
Scientists cite need for more research on leadership development in adolescence
Greta Thunberg, David Hogg and Malala Yousafzai, all teenagers when their activism caught the world's attention, are proof that leadership develops well before adulthood.
Electrons zip along quantum highways in new material
Researchers at the University of Chicago's Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (PME) have discovered a new material, MnBi6Te10, which can be used to create quantum highways along which electrons can move. These electron thoroughfares are potentially useful in connecting the internal components of powerful, energy-efficient quantum computers.
Pacemaker channel discovery could lead to better heart drugs
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
The mechanism by which fat-related molecules called lipids regulate pacemaker ion channel proteins, which help control the heart rhythm, has been revealed in a new study.
Robots are taking over jobs, but not at the rate you might think
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
There's no need to panic about a pending robot takeover just yet. Only 14% of workers say they've seen their job replaced by a robot. But those who have experienced job displacement due to a robot overstate the effect of robots taking jobs from humans by about three times.
Study analyzing often-overlooked racial/ethnic groups provides a new understanding of pain disparities in the U.S.
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
Racial and ethnic disparities in pain prevalence in the U.S. are far larger than previously realized, according to the results of a new study.
Identification of the cells responsible for colon cancer relapse
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
Researchers report the discovery of the population of residual tumor cells responsible for the recurrence of colorectal cancer in other organs after removal of the primary tumor. The study shows that early immunotherapy, before surgery, can eliminate these cells before they have started to develop a metastasis, and thus prevent relapse of the disease. The work paves the way for the development of...
New pterosaur species found in sub-Saharan Africa
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
With wings spanning nearly 16 feet, a new species of pterosaurs has been identified from the Atlantic coast of Angola.
Severely stressful events worsen symptoms of long COVID
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
The death of a loved one, financial or food insecurity, or a newly developed disability were some of the strongest predictors of whether a patient hospitalized for COVID-19 would experience symptoms of long COVID a year later.
U.S. political partisanship affects first impressions of faces
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
In an experimental study, participants' first impressions of photos of strangers' faces were strongly influenced by disclosure of the stranger's political partisanship.
Octopuses caught on video throwing silt and shells around themselves and at each other
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
Octopuses appear to deliberately throw debris, sometimes directed at other octopuses, according to a new study.
Nazi propaganda from 1927-1945 reveals role of dehumanization of Jews in the Holocaust
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
A linguistic analysis of Nazi propaganda suggests that dehumanization of Jews shifted over time, with propaganda after the onset of the Holocaust portraying Jews as having a greater capacity for agency, relative to earlier propaganda focused on disengaging moral concern.
Autism research: Understanding reluctance to make eye contact with others
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
Using an innovative technology that enables imaging of two individuals during live and natural conditions, researchers have identified specific brain areas in the dorsal parietal region of the brain associated with the social symptomatology of autism.
Early diagnosis tool for childhood kidney disease
- ScienceDaily
- 22/11/9 21:19
Early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is key to managing progression of the disease. A new technique analyzing urine extracellular vesicles (uEVs) -- cell-derived nanoscale spherical structures involved in multiple biological functions -- in urine samples identifies changes in the kidneys earlier than conventional methods and can also predict renal function decline.
New pterosaur species identified in sub-Saharan Africa
With wings spanning nearly 16 feet, a new species of pterosaurs has been identified from the Atlantic coast of Angola.
Genome sequencing supports Nile rat animal model for diabetes research
Model organisms are essential for biomedical research and have enabled many important scientific discoveries. The ability to sequence the genomes of these models is a powerful tool to study the genetic factors that impact human health.
Engineers ready innovative robotic servicing of geosynchronous satellites payload for launch
Engineers at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL) Naval Center for Space Technology (NCST) recently completed robotic payload component level testing for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Robotic Servicing of Geosynchronous Satellites (RSGS) program.