179 articles from TUESDAY 31.1.2023
Aquatic organisms respond to flooding and drought disturbance in different ways
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 19:10
Populations of various species of aquatic insects and other invertebrates respond to flooding and waterway drying due to drought in different ways that can be anticipated, according to a new study that employed a novel method to assess the stability of stream ecosystems.
Deer browsing is just one of many factors shaping North American forests
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 19:10
In a new study, a research team discovered evidence that browsing by white-tailed deer had relatively little long-term impact on two tree species in a northern forest.
New live bacterial product for stubborn superbug improves quality of life
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 19:09
The stubborn superbug Clostridium difficile, or C. diff, may have met its match. A esearcher is reporting the first well-controlled study to demonstrate the effectiveness of a new medicine for patients with the debilitating recurrent infection and disease.
How sound waves trigger immune responses to cancer in mice
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 19:09
When noninvasive sound waves break apart tumors, they trigger an immune response in mice. By breaking down the cell wall 'cloak,' the treatment exposes cancer cell markers that had previously been hidden from the body's defenses, researchers have shown.
Biorefinery uses microbial fuel cell to upcycle resistant plant waste
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 19:09
Researchers have developed a sustainable, inexpensive two-step process that can upcycle organic carbon waste -- including lignin, a difficult-to-breakdown material that gives plants their structure. By processing waste through a microbe-driven biorefinery, the researchers turned lignin into carbon sources that could be used in high-value, plant-derived pharmaceuticals and antioxidant...
Scientists release newly accurate map of all the matter in the universe
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 19:09
A group of scientists have released one of the most precise measurements ever made of how matter is distributed across the universe today.
Quantum vortex formation in the lab
Quantized vortices can be generated in classical experiments of liquid helium and ultracold dilute gases to conduct fundamental and comparative studies of different superfluids. In a new report published in Science Advances, Ivan Gnusov and a research team in photonics and physics in the U.K., Russia and Iceland developed a "rotating bucket" experiment to optically contain the quantum fluid of...
Scientists release new map of all the matter in the universe
Sometimes to know what the matter is, you have to find it first.
Pain of police killings ripples outward to traumatize Black people and communities across US
As the video goes public of Black police officers in Memphis beating Tyre Nichols to death, it is a stark reminder of George Floyd's murder by a Minneapolis police officer in 2020. That set up the largest protests in U.S. history and a national reckoning with racism.
Webb telescope catches early galaxy formation in action
Astronomers from the Cosmic Dawn Center have unveiled the nature of the densest region of galaxies seen with the James Webb Space telescope in the early universe. They find it to be likely the progenitor of a massive, Milky Way-like galaxy, seen at a time where it is still assembling from smaller galaxies. The discovery corroborates our understanding of how galaxies form.
First maps of the fens of eastern England reveal saltwater that could threaten food production
The first ever maps of the shallow groundwater of the Fens of eastern England show that salt water is relatively close beneath the surface, meaning that if sea-levels rise, then salt content would affect the ability of the area to grow food.
Evolutionary trade-offs: Balancing genetic disease risks and pathogen protection
Certain genes can exist in different, functionally divergent variants in the individuals of a species. If they lead to clear differences, for example in a phenotype or susceptibility to disease, this is known in biology as a polymorphism. Typical examples are a number of genes whose variants are responsible for the expression of different blood groups. Interestingly, these polymorphic genes can be...
50 years after Roe v. Wade, nearly one third of states lack abortion access
The legal limitations restricting abortion in the United States continue to erode access to reproductive health care at an alarming pace while other states work to protect and expand access, according to updated data released by the Center for Public Health Law Research at Temple University's Beasley School of Law.
Creating 'ghostly mirrors' for high-power lasers
Laser-driven 'mirrors' capable of reflecting or manipulating light have been produced in research led at the University of Strathclyde.
Researchers complete first real-world study of Martian helicopter dust dynamics
Mars is a dusty planet. From tiny dust devils to vast storms that shroud the planet, dust is a constant challenge for research missions. That was especially true for Ingenuity, the rotorcraft that since February 2021 has been exploring Mars alongside NASA's Perseverance rover. Now, researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology, the Space Science Institute, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory have...
‘Charmouth crocodile’ identified as new genus of croc-like creature
Remains of 2-metre-long animal were discovered in 2017 by two fossil hunters for whom it has been namedScientists have identified a new genus of fearsome crocodile-like creature that once hunted off what is now Dorset’s Jurassic Coast.The remains of the 2-metre-long animal were discovered by fossil hunters after a series of landslips on to a beach in 2017, and the newly recognised beast has been...
Examining the chemicals involved in insect mating
It's almost Valentine's Day, and love is in the air. Or in the waxy coating on your skin, if you are a vinegar fly. That's where flies encounter pheromones that play an important role in regulating sexual attraction.
The social code: Deciphering the genetic basis of hymenopteran social behavior
Since Darwin, biologists have been fascinated by the evolution of sociality. In its most extreme form, eusocial species exhibit a division of labor in which certain individuals perform reproductive tasks such as egg laying, while others play non-reproductive roles such as foraging, nest building, and defense.
How to make hydrogels more injectable
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 18:44
A new computational framework can predict the structures, properties, and performance of granular hydrogels. The new model could one day make it easier to design the right gel for a particular biomedical application.
More variability helps learning
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 18:44
Variable stimuli influence learning processes in the visual system.
Understanding plants can boost wildland-fire modeling in uncertain future
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 18:44
A new conceptual framework for incorporating the way plants use carbon and water, or plant dynamics, into fine-scale computer models of wildland fire provides a critical first step toward improved global fire forecasting.
New vaccine targets life-threatening fungal infections, a growing health concern
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 18:44
A new vaccine could be the first clinically approved immunization to protect against invasive fungal infections, a growing concern as antifungal drug resistance increases. Fungal infections cause more than 1.5 million deaths worldwide each year and cost billions. They also double hospitalization costs, double the length of hospital stays and double the risk of death in hospitalized patients,...
'Ghostly mirrors' for high-power lasers
- ScienceDaily
- 23/1/31 18:44
Laser-driven 'mirrors' capable of reflecting or manipulating light have been produced.