110 articles from FRIDAY 10.3.2023

Enzyme ATE1 plays role in cellular stress response, opening door to new therapeutic targets

A new paper in Nature Communications illuminates how a previously poorly understood enzyme works in the cell. Many diseases are tied to chronic cellular stress, and UMBC's Aaron T. Smith and colleagues discovered that this enzyme plays an important role in the cellular stress response. Better understanding how this enzyme functions and is controlled could lead to the discovery of new therapeutic...

Monkey rock bashing resembles tools made by early human ancestors

Hefting a potato-size rock, wild long-tailed macaques ( Macaca fascicularis ) in Thailand smash oil palm nuts on stone anvils. As they pound away, sharp flakes sometimes fly off from their hammer stones— flakes that are “almost indistinguishable” from stone tools made by early human relatives more than 3 million years ago , according...

Surprising similarities in stone tools of early humans and monkeys

Researchers have discovered artefacts produced by old world monkeys in Thailand that resemble stone tools, which historically have been identified as intentionally made by early hominins. Until now, sharp-edged stone tools were thought to represent the onset of intentional stone tool production, one of the defining and unique characteristics of hominin evolution. This new study challenges long...

Scientists identify substance that may have sparked life on Earth

A team of Rutgers scientists dedicated to pinpointing the primordial origins of metabolism—a set of core chemical reactions that first powered life on Earth—has identified part of a protein that could provide scientists clues to detecting planets on the verge of producing life.

Topological charges of periodically kicked molecules

The peculiar topological properties of some forms of matter have been researched for decades. Now, researchers at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) have discovered topological properties of simple diatomic molecules driven to rotation by laser pulses.

High-performance γ-MnO₂ dual-core, pair-hole fiber for ultrafast photonics

Recently, the research team of Prof. Xiaohui Li at Shaanxi Normal University fabricated a section of γ-MnO2 dual-core double-hole fiber by combining γ-MnO2 with a special fiber, a dual-core pair-hole fiber, measuring its nonlinear absorption curve, and used it as a saturable absorber to produce an all-fiber mode-locked laser, which achieved about 1 ps pulse width and a repetition frequency of...

Hubble spots irregular spiral galaxy NGC 5486

The irregular spiral galaxy NGC 5486 hangs against a background of dim, distant galaxies in this image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. The tenuous disk of the galaxy is threaded through with pink wisps of star formation, which stand out from the diffuse glow of the galaxy's bright core.

How social media big data helps us better understand social dynamics

If tweets are measured in characters and a picture is worth a thousand words, what do you get when you combine and examine thousands or even millions of social media posts at once? The answer is a lot of data and researchers at The University of New Mexico use it to study social dynamics and human behavior.

The perils of bacteria's secret weapons

Did you know that bacteria can hide their antimicrobial resistance? Much like storing military defense equipment without revealing it to the enemy, bacteria can mask their ability to resist antimicrobials. This hidden antimicrobial resistance can pass under the radar and cause treatment failure in patients.