123 articles from MONDAY 4.9.2023

Farms that create habitat key to food security and biodiversity

It seems intuitive that forests would provide better habitat for forest-dwelling wildlife than farms. Yet, in one of the longest-running studies of tropical wildlife populations in the world, Stanford researchers found that over 18 years, smaller farms with varying crop types—interspersed with patches or ribbons of forest—sustain many forest-dependent bird populations in Costa Rica, even as...

Invasive species problem will be 'worse before it gets better'

On land and in the sea, invasive species are destroying ecosystems, spreading disease and causing hundreds of billions of dollars in damage every year, according to a landmark report Monday from the UN-backed science advisory panel for the UN Convention on Biodiversity.

Opposites don’t attract: couples more likely to be similar than different, study shows

Scientists find that most partners have shared traits including political views, education levels and drinking habitsThe power of animal magnetism has brought countless couples together, but when it comes to who we fall for, scientists say there’s little truth in the old adage that opposites attract.A study on romantic relationships found that for more than 80% of traits analysed – from...

Money and politics put world's biggest climate deal at risk

When Indonesia agreed last year to clean up its energy system with an estimated $20 billion of help from a coalition of wealthy countries and large financial institutions, world leaders hailed the deal as "extraordinary," "realistic," and "historically large."

Machine learning for chemistry: Basics and applications

In a review published in Engineering, scientists explore the burgeoning field of machine learning (ML) and its applications in chemistry. Titled "Machine Learning for Chemistry: Basics and Applications," this comprehensive review aims to bridge the gap between chemists and modern ML algorithms, providing insights into the potential of ML in revolutionizing chemical research.

What are the blobs in the EHT image of the Milky Way’s supermassive black hole?

In the EHT image of Sagittarius A*, what are the brighter areas in the accretion disk? Paul KernsIndianapolis, Indiana Although we’re confident about the size and width of the ring, we think the bright spots could just be artifacts of our very difficult image-reconstruction techniques, combined with challenges in imaging the source. The main problemContinue reading "What are the blobs in the EHT...

The kitchen is key to improving indoor air quality, say experts

Indoor air pollution generated by cooking fuels such as charcoal and wood causes approximately four million premature deaths every year—a tragic statistic that Surrey's renowned Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE) is aiming to address with its Kitchen Pollution Guidance.

Next major X-ray mission set to launch

The X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) is ready to launch on 7 September 2023 to observe the most energetic objects and events in the cosmos. In doing so, it will unveil the evolution of the universe and the structure of spacetime.

Most species are rare, but not very rare

More than 100 years of observations in nature have revealed a universal pattern of species abundances: Most species are rare but not very rare, and only a few species are very common. These so-called global species abundance distributions have become fully unveiled for some well-monitored species groups, such as birds. For other species groups, such as insects, however, the veil remains partially...

Extreme El Niño weather saw South America's forest carbon sink switch off

Tropical forests in South America lose their ability to absorb carbon from the atmosphere when conditions become exceptionally hot and dry, according to new research. For a long time, tropical forests have acted as a carbon sink, taking more carbon out of the air than they release into it, a process that has moderated the impact of climate change. But new research found that in 2015 -- 2016, when...