213 articles from THURSDAY 2.11.2023

Warming world, widening gap: Climate change's toll on poverty and inequality in South Africa

Scientific evidence shows that climate change is already negatively affecting inequality and poverty, but the extent to which this happens at the micro-level remains relatively unexplored. Investigating the distributional effects of climate change at the micro-level is particularly relevant in low- or middle-income countries, where vulnerable populations are more susceptible to its impacts.

Study finds plant populations in Cologne are adapted to their urban environments

A research team from the Universities of Cologne and Potsdam and the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research has found that the regional lines of the thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana), a small ruderal plant which populates the streets of Cologne, vary greatly in typical life cycle characteristics, such as the regulation of flowering and germination. This allows them to adapt their...

Image: Nighttime on the East Coast

While aboard the International Space Station on Oct. 26, NASA astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli captured the city lights of the northeastern United States and major urban areas including Long Island, New York; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Washington, D.C.

New study reveals overlooked driver of biodiversity across landscapes: Conditions during plant establishment

How can so many different species coexist in an ecosystem? In a new study published in Ecology, researchers from Holden Forests & Gardens, the University of California, Davis, and Southern Oregon University reveal an under-appreciated driver of diversity across landscapes: the conditions during plant establishment, or year effects. The results have important implications for our understanding of...

Genome sequencing project reveals new secrets about cat evolution

Researchers at the Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences (VMBS) and an interdisciplinary team of collaborators have uncovered new information about the history of cat evolution explaining how cats—including well-known species like lions, tigers, and domestic cats—evolved into different species, and shedding light on how different genetic changes in cats relate to...

Producing stronger, tougher silk by feeding silkworms with rare earth ion-modified diets

A research team led by Dr. Yingying Zhang (Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University) devised a scheme utilizing silkworms to produce strong, tough silk through feeding them with rare earth ion-modified diets. The rare earth ions can be incorporated into silk fibroin through feeding. And the incorporated ions are capable of forming ion-dipole and cation-π interactions with silk fibroin. These...

Scientists describe deployment of three-body chain-type tethered satellites in low-eccentricity orbits

Recently, the tethered satellite system (TSS) has been used in Earth observations, space interferometry and other space missions, due to its potential merits. The tethered TSAR (tomographic synthetic aperture radar) system is a group of tethered SAR satellites that can be rapidly deployed and provide a stable baseline for 3-dimensional topographic mapping and moving target detection.

Random wrinkles for opto-physical unclonable functions

The convergence of digital technology and the internet has led to the emergence of complex digital networks utilizing ubiquitous electronic devices such as mobile phones and smart home appliances. As a result, we can access and exchange information from anywhere using technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and cloud computing.

Large-scale warfare occurred in Europe ‘1,000 years earlier than previously thought’

Reanalysis of skeletal remains in Spain suggests conflicts took place about 5,000 years ago in neolithic period, say researchersThe earliest period of warfare in Europe might have occurred more than 1,000 years before what was previously thought to be the first large-scale conflict in the region, researchers have suggested.Reanalysis of more than 300 sets of skeletal remains uncovered in Spain –...

Stem cell research paves way toward regenerating skeletal muscle

Researchers at the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA are one step closer to developing stem cell therapies to regenerate skeletal muscle in humans. Working in mice, the UCLA team discovered how to make lab-grown muscle stem cells persist within muscle tissue and form new muscle.

Predicting saltwater intrusion into groundwater using Plymouth, Mass. as test case

As the world warms and ice sheets melt, the ocean continually rises. The greater Boston area can expect to see between one and six feet of sea level rise by 2100, according to recent estimates. To find out what this rise might mean for freshwater supplies, a team of hydrogeologists developed an innovative new model that can not only predict saltwater intrusion over the next 75 years, but also...