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191,281 articles from EurekAlert

New paints prevent fouling of ships' hulls

The colonization of hulls by algae, barnacles, mussels and other organisms is a major problem for both pleasure boats and merchant tonnage. In a joint project, researchers at the University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have developed new environmentally-friendly and effective bottom paints to prevent this.

New research focuses on teen sexual health in Northern Ireland

Forty-two percent of 16 year olds from across Northern Ireland who completed the 2011 Young Life and Times Survey identified sex education at school as the source of the most helpful information about sex. It is seen as the most reliable and trustworthy source of information, with many respondents saying that they would have liked more lessons.

New stroke treatment could prevent and reduce brain damage

Researchers at the University of Missouri have demonstrated the effectiveness of a potential new therapy for stroke patients in an article published in the journal Molecular Neurodegeneration. Created to target a specific enzyme known to affect important brain functions, the new compound being studied at MU is designed to stop the spread of brain bleeds and protect brain cells from further damage...

New therapy extends life for prostate cancer patients

Prostate cancer patients with advanced tumors that have spread to bone have a poor chance of surviving. Patients with the disease may now live longer with a new line of radioisotope therapy, say researchers at the Society of Nuclear Medicine's 2012 Annual Meeting.

Normal gene hinders breast cancer chemotherapy

Presence of normal p53, a tumor suppressor gene, instead of a mutated version, makes breast cancer chemotherapy with doxorubicin less effective. The preclinical study led by MD Anderson scientists was published today in the journal Cancer Cell.

Offspring of older fathers may live longer

If your father and grandfather waited until they were older before reproducing, you might experience life-extending benefits. 
Biologists assume that a slow pace of aging requires that the body invest more resources in repairing cells and tissues. 
 
A new Northwestern University study suggests that our bodies might increase these investments to slow the pace of aging if our...

OK to limit pre-dental procedure antibiotics to high risk heart patients

The incidence of infective may not have increased after the American Heart Association changed its recommendations on the use of antibiotics before invasive dental procedures. This study finding from Olmstead County, Minn., supports the guideline change, which limited the use of preventive antibiotics to people with the highest risks for complications from infective endocarditis.

PET predicts outcome of therapy for colorectal cancer patients

A study presented at the Society of Nuclear Medicine's 2012 Annual Meeting reveals how molecular imaging biomarkers can be used to approximate how an experimental radiochemotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer will work. Using already available imaging probes, scientists can assess the effectiveness before the course of treatment has ended.

PET quickly predicts success of brain cancer treatment

A study revealed at the Society of Nuclear Medicine's 59th Annual Meeting provides some hope for those with a malignant brain cancer called glioma. A method of molecular imaging that mimics an essential amino acid in the brain can now gauge whether the cancer is still active as early as two weeks after the start of treatment without requiring an invasive biopsy.

Pinched off

During the final stage of cell division, a short-lived contractile ring constricts the cellular membrane and eventually separates the dividing cell in two. Although this "molecular muscle's" composition, mainly actin and myosin, is similar to its skeletal counterpart, the force-producing mechanism is fundamentally different, report researchers at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research in the...

Radiation-resistant circuits from mechanical parts

University of Utah engineers designed microscopic mechanical devices that withstand intense radiation and heat, so they can be used in circuits for robots and computers exposed to radiation in space, damaged nuclear power plants or nuclear attack.

Reconfigured hybrid imaging lowers radiation exposure

Molecular imaging is effective for providing information about disease processes, and today's hybrid imaging systems have additional computed tomography technology on board for alignment and imaging structures. While this addition increases the amount of radiation dose a patient receives, research presented at the Society of Nuclear Medicine's 2012 Annual Meeting finds that multiple molecular...

Recreational fishing causes Cape Cod salt marsh die-off

As recreational fishing activity has reduced predators in many of Cape Cod's salt marsh ecosystems, Sesarma crabs have feasted on grasses, causing dramatic die-offs of the marshes, according to a new study. The researchers assessed the "trophic cascade" in several experiments that also ruled out alternative explanations for the problem.

Research could lead to new drugs for major diseases

Researchers at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, are working to develop substances that can prevent parasites, bacteria and fungi from producing essential proteins, research that could, in the long term, lead to new drugs for several major diseases.