184 articles from THURSDAY 17.11.2022
Researchers uncover insights into the evolution of color patterns in frogs and toads
A team of researchers from NYU Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) has discovered new insights into the evolution of color patterns in frogs and toads—collectively known as anurans. Animal color patterns can help them camouflage with their surroundings and avoid detection from preys or predators. Many anurans have a light stripe along their back, which, when observed from above, creates the optical illusion that...
Study: Women may have an edge in entrepreneurial success
Differences in the way the sexes think may give women an advantage in starting businesses, a study led by a Kennesaw State University researcher suggests.
Development of an easy-to-synthesize self-healing gel composed of entangled ultrahigh molecular weight polymers
A research team consisting of the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Hokkaido University and Yamaguchi University has developed a method for easily synthesizing a self-healing polymer gel made of ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMW) polymers (polymers with a molecular weight greater than 106 g/mol) and non-volatile ionic liquids. This recyclable and self-healable polymer gel is...
Air pollution high at US public schools with kids from marginalized groups, new study finds
Race- and ethnicity-based discrepancies in exposure to air pollution, especially regarding proximity to roadways and industrial zones, are well-established. A new study reports the first nationwide patterns in atmospheric fine particulate pollution and nitrogen dioxide exposure at U.S. public schools.
Drought in China could devastate global supply chains, energy transition efforts, experts warn
Following a record-breaking drought over the summer, China is on the brink of a water catastrophe that could have devastating consequences for global food security, energy markets and supply chains, according to a report from Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy.
How to fight misinformation in the post-truth era
An article published in the Journal of Social Epistemology entitled "Institutions of Epistemic Vigilance: The Case of the Newspaper Press" authored by Central European University researchers Akos Szegofi and Christophe Heintz describe how we can and should fight against misinformation: through collective action. The fight can only be won through updating existing institutions of epistemic...
Scroll through the universe with a new interactive map
A new map of the universe displays for the first time the span of the entire known cosmos with pinpoint accuracy and sweeping beauty.
Fired SpaceX employees accuse company of violating labor law
Several SpaceX employees who were fired after circulating an open letter calling out CEO Elon Musk's behavior have filed a complaint accusing the company of violating labor laws.
Made by women: Why women buy from women and men buy from women and men
Researchers from Technical University of Munich and Copenhagen Business School published a new paper in the Journal of Consumer Psychology that provides fresh insights into how individual purchase decisions are influenced by the gender of the person producing the goods. The research has implications for online platforms marketing handmade products and policymakers seeking to promote socially...
Remote-controlled microscopes bring complex biology education to students worldwide
In many communities around the world, students' ability and enthusiasm to pursue STEM fields in their high school and college careers is limited by a lack of resources that prevent them from accessing complex, project-based curriculum like their peers. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated these existing educational inequalities, requiring new solutions to democratize access to this field.
Science misinformation on GMOs reaches quarter of a billion people, study finds
Over a two-year period, science misinformation about genetically modified crops and foods reached a potential global readership of over a quarter of a billion people, according to a new study published in GM Crops & Food by the Alliance for Science, which combats anti-science misinformation on topics like climate, vaccines and GMOs.
NASA's Perseverance Rover investigates intriguing Martian bedrock
NASA's Perseverance Mars rover has begun exploring an area the science team calls "Yori Pass" near the base of Jezero Crater's ancient river delta. They've been eager to explore the region for several months after spotting a rock similar to one Perseverance collected samples from in July.
Salt-tolerant bacteria 'can fight fungal attacks on chili'
Salt-tolerant bacteria found in salt pans can be used to contain fungal attacks on chili (Capsicum annuum), a major export crop of India, according to a new study published this month.
Stress protection and drought recovery in cool-season turfgrass
Drought stress can interrupt the metabolic and physiological processes of plants, including nitrogen and amino acid metabolism. Researchers in the Department of Plant Biology at Rutgers University took a closer look at the role of amino acids and nitrogen on cool-season turfgrass regrowth or recovery from drought stress.
Legacy of a molecular dynamics trailblazer: Computer simulations meet biochemistry
Life is motion. And so, to understand how living organisms function, one must understand the movement and reorganization of the atoms and molecules that compose them. The approach called "molecular dynamics simulation" enables scientists to use computer programs to simulate the dynamic motion of all the atoms in a molecular system as a function of time.
A grid of quantum islands could reveal secrets for powerful technologies
Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have created grids of tiny clumps of atoms known as quantum dots and studied what happens when electrons dive into these archipelagos of atomic islands. Measuring the behavior of electrons in these relatively simple setups promises deep insights into how electrons behave in complex real-world materials and could help...
Chemical defenses may not protect Antarctic seafloor animals, jeopardizing their value for drug discovery
Long-lived sponges, intestine-like worms, colonies of sea squirts and many other cold-loving animals populate the seafloor around Antarctica. But the arrival of outsiders—borne in ships' ballast water, on plastic refuse or on floating kelp, or encouraged by warming temperature—threaten this menagerie.
Webb draws back curtain on universe's early galaxies
A few days after officially starting science operations, the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope propelled astronomers into a realm of early galaxies, previously hidden beyond the grasp of all other telescopes. Webb is now unveiling a very rich Universe where the first forming galaxies look remarkably different from the mature galaxies seen around us today.
Offshore wind farms may harm seabirds, but scientists see potential for net positive impact
The development of offshore wind energy is expanding globally, with the potential to be an important source of clean renewable energy. Yet offshore wind farms pose significant risks to seabirds and other marine wildlife.
Renters underrepresented in local, state and federal government, study finds
Renters make up more than a third of the U.S. population, but new research from the University of Georgia suggests they're grossly underrepresented in all levels of government.
A new experiment pushes the boundaries of our understanding of topological quantum matter
New research conducted by Princeton University physicists is delving with high resolution into the complex and fascinating world of topological quantum matter—a branch of physics that studies the inherent quantum properties of materials that can be deformed but not intrinsically changed. By repeating an experiment first conducted by researchers at Kyoto University, the Princeton team has...
Refining the analysis of MRI contrast agents
You can keep your best guesses. Engineers at Rice University's George R. Brown School of Engineering are starting to understand exactly what goes on when doctors pump contrast agents into your body for an MRI scan.
New monounsaturated soybean oil works well in pig diets
Adding a fat source to the traditional corn-soy swine diet is common practice, but the type of fat can make a difference both for growing pigs and carcass quality. Polyunsaturated fats, the primary type in distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), can reduce fat quality and complicate processing of pork bellies and bacon.
Imaging human cells: New method enables clear, precise look inside
It's why Jaws swam out of sight for more than an hour, and it hints at the glamor of giftwrap. In movie theaters, living rooms, and even labs, the thrill of the unseen can be counted on to keep us guessing. But when it comes to the hidden chemical world of cells, scientists need no longer wonder.
Researchers solve the problem of functionalizing pyridine in the meta-position
In chemicals used in agriculture, as well as in pharmaceuticals and a variety of materials, pyridines are often found as so-called functional units that decisively determine the chemical properties of substances. Pyridines belong to the group of ring-shaped carbon-hydrogen (C-H) compounds ("heterocycles"), and they contain a nitrogen atom (N). For chemists, the direct functionalization of the...