145 articles from THURSDAY 2.2.2023

Death cap mushroom’s unusual sex life may be key to its rapid spread

True to its name, the death cap is one of the world’s most lethal mushrooms. Each year in the United States, it kills one or two people and sickens many more, mostly those who mistake it for something edible. Its numbers also seem to be increasing; over the past few decades, the species has swept across North America, becoming particularly widespread along the West Coast, and it shows...

Study offers new approach to conduct large-scale protection assessments of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)

A new study offers a science-based method to assess protection levels in marine protected areas (MPAs) when information on regulated human activities is limited. The study, recently published in the journal Marine Policy, provides a new technique to inform progress towards international conservation goals, including protecting 30 percent of marine areas by 2030, which was adopted in Dec. 2022 at...

Lunaemycin, a new antibiotic extracted from moonmilk deposits

A study conducted by scientists from the University of Liège and the HEDERA-22 spin-off on moon milk—a mineral deposit found in caves and used for its curative properties—has led to the discovery of a cryptic compound active against bacteria that are multi-resistant to antibiotics. This discovery is the subject of a technology transfer and a publication in the International Journal of...

Research team establishes cell lines to improve iPSC research

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) lines have become essential for determining the underlying genetic drivers of human disease. Genomes of iPSCs can be easily edited using the bacteria-based CRISPR/Cas9 technology to introduce or correct disease-associated variants.

Water pores in leaves proven to be part of plant's defense system against pathogens

How do plants defend themselves against pathogenic microorganisms? This is a complex puzzle, of which a team of biologists from the University of Amsterdam has solved a new piece. The team, led by Harrold van den Burg, discovered that while the water pores (hydathodes) in leaves provide an entry point for bacteria, they are also an active part of the defense against these invaders. The team's...

Team identifies a nutrient that cancer cells crave

Arginine is an amino acid naturally produced by our bodies and plentiful in the fish, meat, and nuts that we eat. But as recent research in Science Advances reveals, arginine is an essential nutrient for cancer cells too. And starving them of it could potentially render tumors more vulnerable to the body's natural immune response.

Study links adoption of electric vehicles with less air pollution and improved health

A team of researchers have now begun to document the actual impact of electric vehicle adoption in the first study to use real-world data to link electric cars, air pollution and health. Leveraging publicly available datasets, the researchers analyzed a 'natural experiment' occurring in California as residents in the state rapidly transitioned to electric cars, or light-duty zero emissions...

Evolution of wheat spikes since the Neolithic revolution

Around 12,000 years ago, the Neolithic revolution radically changed the economy, diet and structure of the first human societies in the Fertile Crescent of the Near East. With the beginning of the cultivation of cereals -- such as wheat and barley -- and the domestication of animals, the first cities emerged in a new social context marked by a productive economy. Now, a study analyses the...

Streamlining the situation

Sometimes, the most complex problems can be solved with the simplest approaches. Such was the case for researchers as they tried to resolve a longstanding issue of fluid friction -- the resistance between an object moving through fluid, or conversely, a stationary object with fluid flowing around or through it. It's also known as drag.

This one-atom chemical reaction could transform drug discovery

Researchers have used single carbon atom doping to form four chemical bonds in one step. Gamma-lactams (cyclic molecules that are common in antibiotics) were easily synthetically accessible from alpha, beta-unsaturated amides (an important molecule in cancer progression). The team chemically modified an anti-seizure medication in 96% yield, highlighting the work's utility to otherwise...