133 articles from WEDNESDAY 24.5.2023

Fossil tells the 'tail' of an ancient beast

Approximately 200 million years ago, Antarctica was attached to South America, Africa, India, and Australia in a single "supercontinent" called Gondwana. Paleontologists have long wondered about the unique mammals that lived only on this ancient supercontinent, including a particularly elusive group called Gondwanatheria, for which few fossils have been identified.

Nearly 70% of private label avocado oil rancid or mixed with other oils, find researchers

Avocado oil has become a popular choice for many people in recent years because of its heart-healthy benefits and versatility in cooking. However, not all avocado oil products on store shelves are created equal. Some products are labeled as "pure" avocado oil when they contain other oils or additives. No enforceable standards defining the chemical and physical characteristics of avocado oil exist...

Food forests and urban farms hold promise of addressing numerous problems at once

What if you could grow fresh food where it is most needed, cost-effectively reduce heat-related deaths, and create green space for the local community? What if you could also reduce flooding and help mitigate climate change? These questions and more are at the heart of a report on the many possibilities of urban agriculture that the Stanford-based Natural Capital Project (NatCap) is presenting...

Translating Swahili language and knowledge in colonial and post-colonial Tanzania

In the 1940s, a student from Kenya named James Gekonyo applied to the Chemistry Department of Makerere University in Uganda. When his admissions interviewers asked him to explain the difference between a solid, liquid, and gas, Gekonyo said, "I can hold a solid in my hand and it will stay there; a liquid will run to the floor, and I cannot hold a gas at all." Gekonyo was denied admission—his...

Phytophthora 'the plant destroyer' meets its match with a new identification tool

Known as the "plant destroyer," the genus Phytophthora is considered one of the most important groups of plant pathogens—causing significant economic and environmental losses throughout history and into today. There are over 200 identified species in the Phytophthora genus. These pathogens, and those yet to be identified, can spread quickly due to the increasing rate of global trade, e-commerce,...

Algae combined with visible light may create ink for cultured meat

A few years ago, a French daily newspaper published an article titled "Korea's Utilization of Algae as a food ingredient for the Earth." The article highlighted the ecological potential of algae, which Westerners typically find unappealing due to its soft and pulpy consistency. Algae possesses the ability to absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide and generate significantly less carbon emissions.

Large-scale long terminal repeat insertions found to produce a significant set of novel transcripts in cotton

TEs (transposable elements), especially LTRs, are known to play an important role in determining the basic genome structure and influencing the expression of functional genes. Insertion of TE or LTR fragments may also create novel transcription start sites (TSSs) to initiate transcription in the host genome. New intergenic transcripts were thought to be created by terminal repeat retrotransposon...

Beer was the backdrop to Danish Golden Age masterpieces

It’s said that art imitates life, but painters in 19th century Denmark really took that adage to heart. The so-called Danish Golden Age of painting, which lasted from about 1800 to 1850, coincided with a particularly beer-crazed era for the nation. A new study out today in Science Advances suggests Danish artists used grains and yeast leftover from brewing to...