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65 articles from ScienceDaily

California's trees are dying, and might not be coming back

The State of California is banking on its forests to help reduce planet-warming carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. But that element of the state's climate-change solution arsenal may be in jeopardy, as new research reports that trees in California's mountain ranges and open spaces are dying from wildfires and other pressures -- and fewer new trees are filling the void.

Music-making and the flow of aerosols

If simply breathing can spread the SARS-CoV-2 virus to others nearby, what about blowing into a tuba? Researchers used fluid mechanics to study the movement of aerosols generated by professional musicians.

A newly identified stem cell regulator enables lifelong sperm production

Scientists have discovered only a handful of genes responsible for stem cell self-renewal, a property that allows stem cells to continue giving rise to a variety of cell types during an organism's lifespan. Now, a team has identified a new stem cell self-renewal factor, one essential for mice to produce sperm throughout their adult lives.

A new treatment approach for cystic fibrosis

Antisense oligonucleotides, or ASOs, are molecules that can be used to control protein levels in cells. Scientists have discovered a new way ASOs may help cells produce a protein missing in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The discovery sets the stage for a new therapeutic approach that may help reduce CF symptoms and improve patients' quality of life.

Bacteria in donor organs complicate immune response after transplantation

Organ transplant recipients take life-long immunosuppressive drugs to prevent their bodies from mounting an immune response against the donated organ, yet a substantial number of them still reject the organs. A new study shows that transplant recipients also mount an immune response against commensal bacteria in the organ graft, adding to the immune response against the genetic makeup of the...

Geological activity can rapidly change deep microbial communities

New research reveals that, rather than being influenced only by environmental conditions, deep subsurface microbial communities can transform because of geological movements. The findings advance our understanding of subsurface microorganisms, which comprise up to half of all living material on the planet.

Moderate drinking linked to brain changes and cognitive decline

Consumption of seven or more units of alcohol per week is associated with higher iron levels in the brain, according to a study of almost 21,000 people. Iron accumulation in the brain has been linked with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and is a potential mechanism for alcohol-related cognitive decline.

Research probes how people control unwanted thoughts

When trying to avoid an unwanted thought, people often reactively reject and replace the thought after it occurs. But proactively avoiding an association in the first place can be much more efficient, and help prevent the repetitive looping of unwanted thoughts, according to a new study.

Sentences have their own timing in the brain

Our brain links incoming speech sounds to knowledge of grammar, which is abstract in nature. But how does the brain encode abstract sentence structure? In a neuroimaging study, researchers report that the brain encodes the structure of sentences ('the vase is red') and phrases ('the red vase') into different neural firing patterns.

Neutrino factories in deep outer space

Highly energetic and difficult to detect, neutrinos travel billions of light years before reaching our planet. Although it is known that these elementary particles come from the depths of our Universe, their precise origin is still unknown. Researchers are now shedding light on one aspect of this mystery: neutrinos are thought to be born in blazars, galactic nuclei fed by supermassive black holes....